2,528 papers found

BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have indicated that the lymph node ratio (LNR) is an independent prognostic factor for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LHSCC). The purpose of this paper is to assess the prognostic value of LNR and explore appropriate cutoff values by conducting a systematic revi…

INTRODUCTION: Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have been increasingly used in the treatment of cancer. Immunosuppressive therapy can control the cancer well and is suitable for the moderate to severe diseases. However, according to clinical observation, immune-related…

Milk and dairy products containing milk fat are major food sources of saturated fatty acids, which have been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular-related clinical outcomes such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke. Therefore, current recommendations by health authorities advis…

BACKGROUND: Anti-leukotrienes agents are currently being studied as alternative first line agents to inhaled corticosteroids in mild to moderate chronic asthma. OBJECTIVES: To compare the safety and efficacy of anti-leukotriene agents with inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS) and to determine the dose-equivalence of anti-leu…

OBJECTIVE: The role of elective neck dissection (END) in clinically node negative (cN0) locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the head and neck on survival outcomes is not well elucidated. To date, there is no systematic review performed on the role of END in cN0 disease for advanced cSCC. This s…

BACKGROUND: Previous meta-analyses on the mode of enteral nutrition in intensive care unit (ICU) have not explored whether the standard practice of continuous enteral feeding is superior to intermittent or bolus feeding among mechanically ventilated patients. Large feed volumes maybe one of the barriers for the use of…

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of tranexamic acid (TXA) in individuals with kidney stones undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a literature search of Cochrane Library, PubMed (including MEDLINE), Embase, Scopus, Global Index Medicus, trials registries, grey literature, a…

IMPORTANCE: To limit the spread of COVID-19, numerous restrictions were imposed on youths, including school closures, isolation requirements, social distancing, and cancelation of extracurricular activities, which independently or collectively may have shifted screen time patterns. OBJECTIVE: To estimate changes in th…

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) affect the phenotype and severity of co-occurring immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). We aimed to investigate the characteristics of IMIDs in relation to co-occurring IBD. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of Medline and EMBASE dat…

BACKGROUND: Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] has been the accepted vitamin D exposure/intake biomarker of choice within recent DRI exercises, but use of other vitamin D-related biomarkers as well as functional markers has been suggested. These may be of value in future vitamin D DRI exercises, such as the FAO/…

BACKGROUND: The guidelines addressed the evidence-based indications for the management of children with acute infectious diarrhea in Chinese pediatric population. DATA SOURCES: The experts group of evidence development put forward clinical problems, collects evidence, forms preliminary recommendations, and then uses o…

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) increases breast conservation rates in patients with resectable breast cancer at the associated cost of higher locoregional recurrence rates; however, the magnitude of the survival benefits of NAC for these patients remains undefined. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the surviva…

OBJECTIVE/PURPOSE: Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is a rare neoplasm of the skin generally affecting the anogenital area. Because of the low-frequency of the disease, no specific guidelines about the treatment strategy are available. Surgery is the recommended therapy for resectable and localized disease, but severa…

CONTEXT: Miniaturized instruments for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), utilizing tracts sized ≤22 Fr, have been developed in an effort to reduce the morbidity and increase the efficiency of stone removal compared with standard PNL (>22 Fr). OBJECTIVE: We systematically reviewed all available evidence on the…

BACKGROUND: Theophylline and long acting beta2-agonists are bronchodilators used for the management of persistent asthma symptoms, especially nocturnal asthma. They represent different classes of drug with differing side-effect profiles. OBJECTIVES: To assess the comparative efficacy, safety and side-effects of long-a…

BACKGROUND: The global recommendations of continuing breastfeeding for two years and beyond are not being realised. Barriers to breastfeeding beyond the infancy age of one year continue to be seen globally despite the recognition that facilitating it could prevent 823,000 child and 98,000 parent deaths every year. The…

BACKGROUND: This systematic review explores the application of Raman spectroscopy (RS) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research, emphasizing the need for innovative and efficient diagnostic tools. The development of such techniques aims to alleviate healthcare costs while providing timely assessment of injury severity.…

: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly prescribed for people living with obesity and type 2 diabetes due to their efficacy in reducing appetite and body weight. However, by inducing caloric restriction and altering gastrointestinal physiology, GLP-1RAs may predispose patients to nutriti…

PURPOSE: To identify and summarize clinical factors influencing the efficacy and safety outcomes of CAR-T cell therapies in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) through a systematic literature review. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature review to identify factors impacting the efficacy and saf…

OBJECTIVE: Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis due to frequently late-stage presentation and intrinsic anatomical complexity. Surgery remains a key treatment, and resection margins are crucial for local control and survival. However, achieving adequate margins is chall…