5,083,130 papers found

PURPOSE: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the practice of managing plasma drug concentrations. This intervention can potentially improve inadequate antiretroviral dosing in the treatment of HIV infection. Our objective was to review the evidence regarding TDM in HIV management. METHOD: We searched MEDLINE using th…

The term "drug reactions" is relevant to dermatology in three categories of reactions: cutaneous drug reactions without systemic features, cutaneous drug reactions with systemic features, and systemic drugs prescribed by the dermatologist with systematic adverse effects. This article uses examples from each of these ca…

The systemic vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the inflammation of blood vessels. The development and implementation of advanced diagnostic tests and genetic studies have resulted in substantial improvement in our understanding of vasculitis pathogenesis, resulting in the revision of…

Paediatric obesity is now common in the UK, as in other developed countries. A literature search was conducted and evidence based answers to five frequently answered questions sought. Recommendations for diagnosis are given. Although there is no conclusive evidence that the condition is preventable, a number of treatme…

PURPOSE: This umbrella review aimed to assess whether dietary protein intake with regard to quantitative (higher vs. lower dietary protein intake) and qualitative considerations (total, plant-based or animal-based protein intake) affects body weight (BW), fat mass (FM) and waist circumference (WC). METHODS: A systemat…

AIMS: To consolidate evidence to determine (i) the association between cardiovascular risk factors and health outcomes with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19); and (ii) the impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health. METHODS AND RESULTS: An umbrella review of systematic reviews was conducted. Fourteen medical databases and…

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to assess both the credibility and strength of evidence arising from systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies on handgrip strength and health outcomes. METHODS: An umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies was condu…

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in infants below 1 year of age accounts for 2.5% to 5% of childhood ALL. Most children with ALL present with fever, bruising, mucosal bleeding, bone pain, pallor, hepatosplenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Common sites of extramedullary involvement at diagnosis include liver, spleen, ly…

We reviewed the published literature on the relationship between childhood cancer and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). A Pub Med search identified 12 subjects with the co-occurrence of FASD and cancer. We included an additional case from the author's institution. Neuroblastomas comprised 6 of the 13 (46%) case…

In 1996, shortly after the founding of The Cochrane Collaboration, leading figures in test evaluation research established a Methods Group to focus on the relatively new and rapidly evolving methods for the systematic review of studies of diagnostic tests. Seven years later, the Collaboration decided it was time to dev…

Myxofibrosarcoma is a common sarcoma in the extremities of older people, but is rare in the head and neck region. Here, we report the case of a 42-year-old male patient in whom myxofibrosarcoma generated from the sinus piriformis. Histopathologically, the tumor was characterized by spindle cellular proliferation with m…

Lamotrigine is an established anticonvulsant agent and also an effective maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder. In Italy it is approved for the treatment of epilepsy with partial seizures, partial seizures with secondary generalization and generalized seizures, both in monotherapy and as an add-on therapy in patient…

Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle is an infrequent brain tumour that was described for the first time by Brat et al. in 1998; since then, only 39 cases have been reported. We present a new case of chordoid glioma of the third ventricle in a 51-year-old-man that was treated with total surgical removal, with a good…

The huge amount of data regarding triptans in clinical practice provides a great opportunity to learn about their efficacy, tolerability and adverse events and offers to the clinician the background for the best treatment option in any patient, given that the patient is suitable for being treated with any of those comp…

Systematic reviews and metaanalyses have become increasingly popular ways of summarizing, and sometimes extending, existing medical knowledge. In this review the authors summarize current methods of performing metaanalyses, including the following: formulating a research question; performing a structured literature sea…

Multiple research studies have investigated the use of systemic antibiotics as adjunctive treatments in the management of chronic periodontitis. However, the great heterogeneity of study designs and variable outcomes that have been reported have led to confusion among the profession as to whether or not there is any cl…

Research utilization approaches in nursing recently have been replaced by evidence-based practice (EBP) approaches. The heart of the new EBP paradigm is the systematic review. Systematic reviews are carefully synthesized research evidence designed to answer focused clinical questions. Systematic reviews (also known as…

Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is a practice model to promote healthcare quality. Since the World Health Organization highlighted the importance of IPC in 2010, a large volume of IPC-related research has been published. Multiple systematic reviews have been conducted to synthesize the literature from varying per…

Unhealthy population diets contribute to the burden of non-communicable diseases. Policies targeting food environments (FE policies) may improve population diets. This review of systematic reviews aims to summarise recent evidence of the effectiveness of FE policies in improving diets. We searched PubMed for systematic…

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. It affects 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide and causes significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hypertension and proteinuria are the cornerstone of the disease, though systemic organ dysfunction may ensue. The clinical syndrome begins with abnorm…