375,956 papers found

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of adjunctive therapies for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) related to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted on Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from January…

The aim of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis of published studies in an attempt to determine the mean and range of normal ambulatory blood pressure. Twenty-two studies, including a total of 2638 subjects, were reviewed. Most studies were compatible with a mean 24-h ambulatory pressure in the range of 115…

To test the hypothesized immaturity of juvenile delinquents' moral reasoning, the results of 15 studies of the moral reasoning of juvenile delinquents were integrated quantitatively using meta-analysis. Hedges and Olkin (1985) methods were used to (a) compute effect sizes, (b) test the homogeneity of the obtained effec…

Although quinolones are often used to treat nosocomial pneumonia (NP), there have been few trials documenting their efficacy in treating NP. Given the growing use of quinolones and issues regarding resistance, we conducted a meta-analysis of all trials of quinolones for treatment of NP. We identified 5 randomized trial…

In a review of 19 clinically relevant comparative outcome studies published 1978-1988, short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) was evaluated as to overall effects, differential effects, and moderating effects vis-à-vis no-treatment controls (NT) and alternative psychotherapies (AP), respectively. Overall, ST…

The surgical management of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remains controversial. For in situ breast cancer local excision (LE), local excision and radiation therapy (LERT) and mastectomy (MAST) have all been advocated. A search of the English literature found 13 reports concerning…

In the first part the statistical methods of meta-analysis are discussed. Meta-analysis is considered as a statistical tool for quantitatively summarizing the results of clinical trials with comparable aims (treatments) and designs. Meta-analysis can be based on the significance probabilities or effect values. The last…

PURPOSE: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a highly aggressive tumour with a near 100% disease specific mortality. Despite these issues, there exists a lack of a standardised treatment regimen. We present a systematic review and the first ever network meta-analysis discussing a wide range of treatment options, namely…

Several large epidemiological studies in the Nordic countries have failed to confirm an association between age at first birth and breast cancer independent of parity. To assess whether lack of power or heterogeneity between the countries could explain this, a meta-analysis was performed of 8 population-based studies (…

A review of research on the effects of met expectations for newcomers to organizations located 31 studies of 17,241 people. A meta-analysis found mean (corrected) correlations of .39 for job satisfaction and organizational commitment, .29 for intent to leave, .19 for job survival, and .11 for job performance. However,…

BACKGROUND: To ascertain the effect of the intravenous administration of magnesium in acute myocardial infarction on the frequency of arrhythmias and mortality, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study included 930 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted…

INTRODUCTION: Various clinical trials have evaluated psychological interventions for female sexual function; however, their comparative effectiveness remains insufficiently defined. To date, no network meta-analysis (NMA) has systematically synthesized and ranked these interventions to guide evidence-based clinical dec…

A meta-analysis was performed to determine whether the scientific literature provides enough evidence that hormone replacement therapy after menopause increases the risk of breast cancer. Studies were located by MEDLINE, supplemented by a hand search of all the references in the articles located. The papers were graded…

Since 1977, six clinical trials have been performed on the subject of routine antibiotic prophylaxis in patients requiring tube thoracostomy for trauma. No definitive conclusions have been reached regarding the efficacy of antibiotic use in this setting. The results of these clinical trials were pooled to generate an u…

A meta-analysis of published and unpublished studies was conducted to reconcile the apparent conflicting results in the domain of research designed to determine the effects of continuing education on nursing practice. The overall mean effect size supported the hypothesis that continuing education positively affects nur…

Published and unpublished data on the HTLV-I seroprevalence in 13 European countries (sample a total of 79.549 persons) was subject to meta-analysis. HTLV-I infection was significantly associated with intravenous drug use, HIV-I seropositivity, geographical area and immigration from endemic areas outside of Europe. Sig…

Beta-Adrenergic blockers have been considered relatively contraindicated in peripheral arterial disease because of the perceived risk that these drugs could worsen intermittent claudication. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials from the English-language literature to determi…

Size and stability of sex differences in personality growth throughout adolescence and adulthood are examined. Studies using the Washington University Sentence Completion Test of ego development served as the primary source data. Sixty-five studies (encompassing more than 9,000 Ss) generated 113 independent effect size…

OBJECTIVE: To perform a meta-analysis on studies evaluating the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A computerized literature search was conducted for articles of studies comparing ACE inhibitors with a control in patients…