2,528 papers found

BACKGROUND: This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in 2014. Epilepsy is a common neurological condition characterised by recurrent seizures. Pharmacological treatment remains the first choice to control epilepsy. Sulthiame (STM) is widely used as an antiepileptic drug in Europe and Israel.…

BACKGROUND: Despite the significant societal burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, clinical screening interventions for HPV-associated noncervical cancers are not available. Blood-based biomarkers may help close this gap in care. METHODS: Five databases were searched, 5687 articles were identified,…

BACKGROUND: Imatinib dose escalation is advocated for gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) treatment, but its effectiveness compared with sunitinib and best supportive care (BSC) after failure at the 400 mg/day dose is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of imatinib at escalated d…

IMPORTANCE: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus chemotherapy (ICI-chemotherapy) for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have reported consistent associations with event-free survival (EFS) and pathologic complete response (pCR) pending lon…

BACKGROUND: This report details the development of the Men's Safer Sex website and the results of a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT), health economic assessment and qualitative evaluation. OBJECTIVES: (1) Develop the Men's Safer Sex website to address barriers to condom use; (2) determine the best design…

BACKGROUND: Postoperative pain is a common consequence of surgery and can have deleterious effects. It has been suggested that the administration of opioid analgesia before a painful stimulus may improve pain control. This can be done in two ways. We defined 'preventive opioids' as opioids administered before incision…

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy and is classically caused by pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (P/LP) in genes encoding sarcomere proteins. Not all subclinical variant carriers will manifest clinically overt disease because penetrance (pr…

BACKGROUND: Gender dysphoria is described as a mismatch between an individual's experienced or expressed gender and their assigned gender, based on primary or secondary sexual characteristics. Gender dysphoria can be associated with clinically significant psychological distress and may result in a desire to change sexu…

OBJECTIVE: Significant variations exist in the use of respiratory muscle ultrasound in intensive care with no society-level consensus on the optimal methodology. This systematic review aims to evaluate, synthesize, and compare the clinimetric properties of different image acquisition and analysis methodologies. DATA S…

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving infectious disease that dramatically spread all over the world in the early part of 2020. No studies have yet summarized the potential severity and mortality risks caused by COVID-19 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and we upda…

BACKGROUND: Non-melanoma skin cancer, which includes basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, is the commonest malignancy worldwide. The mainstay of treatment is surgical excision. Despite this being an exceptionally common procedure, it is not known what the accepted standard is for incomplete excis…

INTRODUCTION: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) associated with an underlying connective tissue disease (CTD), also known as a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease or SARD, are chronic conditions with a tendency to progress. CTD-ILDs are increasingly diagnosed and pose an important global health challenge. This systema…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epilepsy associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD-abs) often presents as temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, detailed data on this condition are lacking. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that TLE with GAD-abs (GAD-TLE) is distinct from other forms of TLE and to d…

iPSC-based drug discovery led to a phase 1/2a trial of ropinirole in ALS. 20 participants with sporadic ALS received ropinirole or placebo for 24 weeks in the double-blind period to evaluate safety, tolerability, and therapeutic effects. Adverse events were similar in both groups. During the double-blind period, m…

Relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma remains a clinical challenge, with few non-cytotoxic treatment options. CD80 is a surface antigen that normally functions as a co-stimulatory molecule but is aberrantly and uniformly expressed on Reed-Sternberg cells. Galiximab is a primatized monoclonal antibody against CD80, with a favorable…

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is challenging to manage, with a median survival of 3-5 years. While intensive strategies are often appropriate for younger patients, these approaches are often not appropriate for older patients. In 2006, we reported our initial results using modified R-hyperCVAD (rituximab with hyperfractio…

The current diagnostic rate for patients with suspected Mendelian genetic disorders is only 25 to 58%, even though whole exome sequencing (WES) is part of the standard of care. One reason for the low diagnostic rate is that traditional WES analysis methods struggle to detect RNA splicing aberrations. It is estimated th…

BACKGROUND: Timely and accurate assessment of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is crucial for diagnosing, triaging, and clinically managing patients. Current workflows rely on computerized ECG interpretation tools built into ECG signal acquisition systems, which use rule-based algorithms that are unreliable and frequently not…

BACKGROUND: The accessibility of health services is an important factor that affects the health outcomes of populations. A mobile clinic provides a wide range of services but in most countries the main focus is on health services for women and children. It is anticipated that improvement of the accessibility of health…