44,697 papers found

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a central cytokine in T-cell mediated immunity, playing a dual role in both pro-inflammatory responses and immune regulation. While cytokines such as IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) have been extensively studied in malaria pathogenesis, the role of IL-2 remains p…

BACKGROUND: Anemia can lead to secondary brain damage by reducing arterial oxygen content and brain oxygen supply. Patients with acute brain injury have impaired self-regulation. Brain hypoxia may also occur even in mild anemia. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is associated with increased postoperative complicati…

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, which may lead to severe memory loss and other cognitive disorders. Yukmijihwang-tang (YMJ), a type of Korean traditional herbal medicine, has been shown to be effective against neurodegenerative diseases. Although a meta-analysis on the efficacy…

BACKGROUND: Implant-supported overdentures offer enhanced mechanical properties, which lead to better patient satisfaction and survival rates than conventional dentures. However, it is unclear whether these satisfaction levels and survival rates depend on the number of implants supporting the overdenture. Therefore, th…

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tanreqing Injection (, TRQI) combined with conventional treatment on clinical outcomes in the treatment of patients with influenza. METHODS: The electronic databases searched were Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Libr…

BACKGROUND: Neurotrophins of the nerve growth factor family are soluble polypeptides that are best known for their role in nerve growth, survival and differentiation in the central nervous system. A growing body of literature shows that neurotrophins and their receptors are also expressed throughout the reproductive tr…

OBJECTIVE: To assess the 5-year survival of metal-ceramic and all-ceramic tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and to describe the incidence of biological, technical and esthetic complications. METHODS: Medline (PubMed), Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) searches (2006-2013)…

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic trials with ss-interferon in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have mainly focused on remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis (RRMS), demonstrating a reduction in relapse rate. However, there is not enough evidence about their efficacy in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). OBJECT…

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis epitomize a class of insidious and relentless neurological conditions that are difficult to cure. Conventional therapeutic regimens often fail due to the late onset of symptoms, which occurs well after…

Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide and adults with chronic low back pain (≥12weeks) commonly experience sleep impairments (e.g., insomnia, sleep disturbance). This study examined the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep in adults with chronic low back pain. Six databases (P…

BACKGROUND: RPE65-associated LCA (RPE65-LCA) is an inherited retinal degeneration caused by the mutations of RPE65 gene and gene therapy has been developed to be a promising treatment. This study aims to evaluate the association between changes in visual function and application of gene therapy in patients with RPE65-L…

BACKGROUND: The bipyridyl herbicide paraquat was first introduced into agriculture in the 1960s by Imperial Chemical Industries. Due to issues with unintentional poisoning, the centrally acting emetic PP796 was added in 1976 to the company's 20% paraquat ion soluble liquid (SL20) formulations (Gramoxone) at a concentra…

Clinical anatomy has become a prominent setting for educational innovation because it links anatomical science with diagnostic imaging, procedural practice, surgery, simulation, and patient safety. However, the term innovation is used inconsistently. In PubMed-indexed literature from January 2016 through 28 June 2026,…

Down syndrome, caused by trisomy 21, increases the risk of diverse co-occurring conditions. With more than 34,000 related publications indexed in PubMed as of early 2026, keeping pace with this expanding literature is challenging. While general-purpose large language models are widely used for information retrieval, th…

BACKGROUND: As psychiatric nursing education becomes increasingly important, there is a growing need for simulations that reflect real clinical scenarios. This study explores the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality in psychiatric nursing education for both nursing students and nurses. METHODS: A comprehensive l…

Neurophysiological techniques, particularly somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and electroencephalography (EEG), are essential tools for the functional and prognostic evaluation of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (DoC) in intensive neurorehabilitation settings. This narrative review critically an…

Etiological factors affecting outcomes of cochlear implants (Cis) are known; however, a direct comparison of efficacy based on lesion location is needed. We aimed to systematically examine the current evidence to compare the effectiveness of CIs in patients with presynaptic versus postsynaptic neuropathy.A comprehensiv…

PURPOSE: The purpose of this rapid review was to identify the level of evidence for a previously proposed theoretical framework to assess risks associated with prandial aspiration using the host as a central theme. METHODS: Covidence software was used to search two databases (PubMed and Web of Science). PEDro scale wa…

INTRODUCTION: The phenomenon of aging is distinguished by profound life transformations, with the most dependent group being constituted by elderly individuals. The responsibility for their care primarily falls on the figure of the informal caregiver. The scarcity of time, the stress associated with caregiving, the fin…

OBJECTIVES: Sometimes clinical efficacy and potential risk of therapeutic and toxic agents are difficult to predict over a long period of time. Hence there is need for literature search with a view to assessing cause of toxicity and less efficacy of drugs used in clinical practice. METHOD: Hence literatures were searc…