42,335 papers found

OBJECTIVE: To review currently available formulations and emphasize unmet needs in the pharmacologic management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). DATA SOURCES: Publications and clinical trials were identified through PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov, respectively. A Web-based search identified prescribi…

BACKGROUND: In advanced stage primary vulvar cancer, treatment is tailored to individual patient needs. Combined treatment modalities have been developed, using chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the combined treatment strategy using concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy f…

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis epitomize a class of insidious and relentless neurological conditions that are difficult to cure. Conventional therapeutic regimens often fail due to the late onset of symptoms, which occurs well after…

BACKGROUND: Lumbar facet joint pain (LFJP) is one of the main causes of chronic low back pain (LBP) and can be treated using radiofrequency (RF) sensory denervation. The aim of this work is to analyze the efficacy of RF in LFJP through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with pl…

OBJECTIVE: Africa contributes significantly to the global neurosurgical disease burden but has only 1% of the neurosurgery workforce. This study appraises the neurosurgical workforce and training capacity in Africa and projects the workforce capacity by 2030. METHODS: The authors conducted a systematic review of the o…

BACKGROUND: Vocal fold nodules (VFNs) are the main cause of paediatric dysphonia. Voice therapy is recommended as the preferable treatment option for VFNs in children. AIM: The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the existing literature concerning the effects of voice therapy in children with VF…

PURPOSE: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) utilizes a barrier membrane to allow osteogenic cells to populate a space by excluding epithelial and connective tissue cells. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the ratio of means (RoM) of vertical bone gained (Outcome) in vertical GBR procedures with heali…

BACKGROUND: Myocardial protection in adult cardiac surgery is commonly achieved with either multidose blood cardioplegia or single-dose del Nido crystalloid cardioplegia. AIM: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes of del Nido cardioplegia versus blood cardioplegia in adult car…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between physical activity and phase angle. DESIGN: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Electronic searches of MEDLINE (via PUBMED), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library), SciELO, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and We…

INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori infections affect almost 50% of the world population, constituting a risk factor for benign and malignant gastrointestinal diseases. The increased resistance to antibiotic treatment against this infection represents a dilemma in the search of other therapeutic alternatives. OBJECTIVE:…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-intensity statin therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing high-intensity statin therapy (atorvastatin 80 mg or rosuvastatin 20/40&#x200…

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is reported to occur in up to 92% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and has been described as the most debilitating of all MS symptoms by 28% to 40% of MS patients. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether carnitine (enteral or intravenous) supplementation can improve the quality of life and reduce the…

BACKGROUND: PFAPA syndrome (periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome) is a rare clinical syndrome of unknown cause usually identified in children. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of tonsillectomy (with or without adenoidectomy) in children with PFAPA. SEARCH STRATEGY: We sear…

: Echocardiographic imaging has become central to planning and guiding percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), particularly in patient populations in whom long-term anticoagulation is unsuitable. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on transesophageal (TEE) and intracardiac echocardiography…

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a central cytokine in T-cell mediated immunity, playing a dual role in both pro-inflammatory responses and immune regulation. While cytokines such as IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) have been extensively studied in malaria pathogenesis, the role of IL-2 remains p…

BACKGROUND: Anemia can lead to secondary brain damage by reducing arterial oxygen content and brain oxygen supply. Patients with acute brain injury have impaired self-regulation. Brain hypoxia may also occur even in mild anemia. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is associated with increased postoperative complicati…

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, which may lead to severe memory loss and other cognitive disorders. Yukmijihwang-tang (YMJ), a type of Korean traditional herbal medicine, has been shown to be effective against neurodegenerative diseases. Although a meta-analysis on the efficacy…

BACKGROUND: Implant-supported overdentures offer enhanced mechanical properties, which lead to better patient satisfaction and survival rates than conventional dentures. However, it is unclear whether these satisfaction levels and survival rates depend on the number of implants supporting the overdenture. Therefore, th…