5,003,883 papers found

OBJECTIVE: In 2003, critical care and infectious disease experts representing 11 international organizations developed management guidelines for the diagnosis of infection in sepsis that would be of practical use for the bedside clinician, under the auspices of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, an international effort to…

Contrast nephropathy (CN) accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency, especially those with diabetic nephropathy, are at particular risk. Medullary hypoxia due to decreased renal blood flow and direct cytotoxicity contribute to the pathogenesis. Contrast nephropathy…

Smallpox is a devastating viral illness that was eradicated after an aggressive, widespread vaccination campaign. Routine U.S. childhood vaccinations ended in 1972, and routine military vaccinations ended in 1990. Recently, the threat of bioterrorist use of smallpox has revived the need for vaccination. Over 450,000 U.…

BACKGROUND: Immunization estimated to prevent 2 to 3 million children deaths every year from vaccine preventable disease. In Ethiopia, limited and inconclusive studies have been conducted on immunization coverage so far. Therefore, this umbrella review was intended to estimate the pooled national immunization coverage…

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to map the resource use during systematic review (SR) production and reasons why steps of the SR production are resource intensive to discover where the largest gain in improving efficiency might be possible. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a scoping review. An information specialist searche…

AIM: To exemplify, summarize and critically appraise the systematic reviews (SRs) that evaluated different oral health education (OHE) interventions in individuals with visual impairment (VI). METHODOLOGY: Six electronic databases were searched for SRs evaluating OHE programs in individuals with VI. The internal valid…

BACKGROUND: Mental health problems are common in healthcare workers as they are exposed to a variety of risk factors. Healthcare professionals face extraordinary stressors in the medical environment. They demonstrate high levels of stress, anxiety, depression and burnout, and sleep disorders, which inevitably lead to m…

OBJECTIVE: To identify the learning outcomes and skills obtained of undergraduate nursing students involved in research projects. METHODS: This was an integrative literature review, based on a research protocol in the CINAHL Complete databases; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Cochrane Database of Syste…

The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is the second most common cause of dementia for individuals <65 years old, but accurate diagnosis is often delayed for several years. While previous criteria have increased the ability of diagnosticians to distinguish between bvFTD and other neurocognitive disor…

Personalization of nutrition advice is a process already familiar to registered dietitian nutritionists, but it is not yet clear whether incorporating genetic results as an added layer of precision improves nutrition-related outcomes. Therefore, an independent workgroup of experts, supported by the Academy's Evidence A…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Accurate and relevant assessment is essential to determining the impact of ill-health and the relative benefit of healthcare. This review details the recent development of a core outcome set for cardiac arrest effectiveness trials - the COSCA initiative. RECENT FINDINGS: The reported heterogeneity i…

BACKGROUND: Core outcome sets (COS) facilitate clinical research by providing an agreed set of outcomes to be measured when evaluating treatment efficacy. Gastroschisis is increasing in frequency and evidence-based treatments are lacking. We aimed to identify initial candidate outcomes for a gastroschisis COS from exis…

The number of meta-analyses published annually has increased more than 20-fold between 1994 (n = 386) and 2014 (n = 8203). In examining how much of this increase in meta-analysis publication has genuinely represented novel contributions to clinical medicine and public health, it became clear that there was an abundance…

The consensus conference (CC) is a professional methodology for comprehensive decision-making on controversial healthcare issues. The CC is based on health technology assessment, combining an in-depth review of the literature, consultation with experts and discussion within the framework of a broad panel of public and…

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews constitute the top of the "level-of-evidence pyramid." Despite their strengths, they have been found to be of varying quality, thus raising concerns about their validity and role in influencing clinical practice. In the present study, a quality analysis of systematic reviews with a focus…

INTRODUCTION: Rapid reviews are being produced with greater frequency by health technology assessment (HTA) agencies in response to increased pressure from end-user clinicians and policy-makers for rapid, evidence-based advice on health-care technologies. This comparative study examines the differences in methodologies…

Despite the huge number of randomized controlled clinical trials published on gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, the translation of the information gathered into clinical practice is rather limited. The aim of this article is to summarize the results of pivotal randomized controlled clinical trials and review articles…

This paper addresses the limitations of current methods supporting 'evidence-based health-care' in relation to complex aspects of care, including those questions that are best supported by descriptive or non-empirical evidence. The paper identifies some new methods, which may be useful in aiding the synthesis of data i…

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has been driven by the need to cope with information overload, by cost-control, and by a public impatient for the best in diagnostics and treatment. Clinical guidelines, care maps, and outcome measures are quality improvement tools for the appropriateness, efficiency, and effectiveness of…