44,707 papers found

To systematically review, map, and appraise the existing prospective evidence on risk factors for, and preventive strategies against, the development of patellofemoral pain (PFP), and to identify key gaps.The study design was a systematic evidence and gap map (EGM).Nine electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PEDro, Scop…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Pancreatic calcifications are the most common structural change in chronic pancreatitis (CP). They can be associated with increased morbidity and healthcare costs. The factors associated with calcifying CP phenotype are not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate risk factors for cal…

BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommending regular physical activity in pregnancy for improving pregnancy outcomes are informed by published meta-analyses. Inclusion of randomised trials of poor methodological quality may bias effect estimates. OBJECTIVES: To assess the validity of these recommendations by focusing on trial…

Congenital syphilis remains a significant global health concern, with severe morbidity and mortality if undiagnosed and untreated. Although many infants appear asymptomatic at birth, subtle clinical signs-including bullous lesions (congenital bullous syphilis, also known as pemphigus syphiliticus)-may facilitate early…

PURPOSE: Uterine fibroids are the most common pelvic tumors in women, representing the primary indication of hysterectomy. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists represent a new therapeutic option for premenopausal women. The aim of this review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GnRH antagonists in th…

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a critical non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) target for treating depression. However, the alterations of brain activations post-intervention remain inconsistent and the clinical moderators that could improve symptomatic effectiveness are unclear. The study aim was to systematically re…

OBJECTIVE: Admission to the PICU may result in substantial short- and long-term morbidity for survivors and their families. Engaging caregivers in discussion of prognosis is challenging for PICU clinicians. We sought to summarize the literature on prognostic, goals-of-care conversations (PGOCCs) in the PICU in order to…

There is a huge gap in the treatment of mental disorders in Latin America, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Given the sharp increase in Internet access and the rapid penetration of smartphones in the region, the use of Internet-based technologies might potentially contribute to overcoming this g…

INTRODUCTION: There are no data summarising the epidemiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) among adults residing in Africa. Establishment of accurate epidemiological data on PH in this region may guide decision-making toward interventions to curb the burden of PH in Africa. The aim of this systematic review is to dete…

Background Cognitive impairment is a common complaint among cancer survivors, significantly impacting working memory, attention, executive function, and information processing speed. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of neuropsychological interventions on the cognitive function of non-central nervous syste…

BACKGROUND: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common co-morbid condition encountered in people with tics and Tourette Syndrome (TS). The co-occurrence of TS and ADHD is associated with a higher psychopathological, social and academic impairment and the management may represent a challenge for…

: This study presents the first systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral clonidine in spinal surgery to guide clinical practice and inform future research.: RCTs were identified through four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) may develop after acute pancreatitis (AP). The incidence and predisposing factors are not well described, nor is optimal pancreatic enzyme replacement (PERT) in this setting. We aimed to investigate the proportion, risk factors, and effect of PERT in patien…

Regulating sensations of fatigue and discomfort while performing maximal endurance exercise becomes essential for making informed decisions about persistence and/or failure during intense exercise. Athletes with a higher effort capacity have competitive advantages over those with a lower one. The microbiota-brain axis…

BACKGROUND: The sodium theory for migraine proposes that excessive sodium pumping into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leads to sodium infiltration into the neural tissue, which can lead to activation and central sensitization of trigeminovascular neurons, predisposing individuals to migraine. Dysregulation of the Na, K-…

BACKGROUND: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). As India ranks second in the population afflicted by T2DM, and the objective of this systematic review was to estimate the pooled prevalence of PAD in individuals living with T2DM in India. METHODS: Five datab…

BACKGROUND: The poor prognosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) patients is associated with limited effective therapeutic strategies. Multiple antiangiogenesis tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been applied in later-line treatment of ATC; however, the results reported in clinical trials were controversial. In th…

Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is associated with poor outcomes, but a consensus is lacking in the literature regarding which compound represents the best pharmacological augmentation strategy to antidepressants (AD). In the present review, we identify the available literature regarding the pharmacological augmen…

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of thyroid cancer is continuously increasing and consequently the amount of thyroidectomy. Notwithstanding the actual surgical skill, postoperative hypoparathyroidism still represents its most frequent complication. The aims of the present study are to analyze the rate of postoperative hypopar…

OBJECTIVE: Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate is a stimulant prodrug with low abuse and diversion potential that is used in treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults. This current literature review article aims to examine safety and efficacy of LDX in children and adolesc…