5,004,128 papers found

Positive single-stranded RNA viruses constitute a broad and prevalent group of pathogens that threaten human health and life worldwide. While effective vaccines have been developed for some, such as poliovirus and hepatitis A, others such as coxsackievirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and W…

OBJECTIVE: In 2003, critical care and infectious disease experts representing 11 international organizations developed management guidelines for other supportive therapies in sepsis that would be of practical use for the bedside clinician, under the auspices of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, an international effort to…

OBJECTIVE: In 2003, critical care and infectious disease experts representing 11 international organizations developed management guidelines for the diagnosis of infection in sepsis that would be of practical use for the bedside clinician, under the auspices of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, an international effort to…

Contrast nephropathy (CN) accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency, especially those with diabetic nephropathy, are at particular risk. Medullary hypoxia due to decreased renal blood flow and direct cytotoxicity contribute to the pathogenesis. Contrast nephropathy…

Smallpox is a devastating viral illness that was eradicated after an aggressive, widespread vaccination campaign. Routine U.S. childhood vaccinations ended in 1972, and routine military vaccinations ended in 1990. Recently, the threat of bioterrorist use of smallpox has revived the need for vaccination. Over 450,000 U.…

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Avocado is rich in monounsaturated fats, fiber, and phytochemicals and has been linked to favorable lipid and cardiometabolic outcomes. This review synthesized evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on avocado consumption and its effects on cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: A syste…

BACKGROUND: Digital nursing technologies (DNTs) are a promising solution to address challenges in health care systems, such as demographic shifts, nursing shortages, or difficulties in retaining nurses. Despite their potential benefits, the integration of DNTs into care settings remains complex due to multiple factors…

BACKGROUND: The demand for high-quality systematic literature reviews (SRs) for evidence-based medical decision-making is growing. SRs are costly and require the scarce resource of highly skilled reviewers. Automation technology has been proposed to save workload and expedite the SR workflow. We aimed to provide a comp…

BACKGROUND: Studies related to non-surgical root canal treatment are amongst the most frequently performed clinical studies in endodontics. However, heterogeneity in reporting outcomes and lack of standardization is a significant challenge to evidence synthesis and guideline development. OBJECTIVES: The aims of the pr…

Background: Nutrient supplements are widely used for type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet evidence-based guidance for clinicians is lacking. Methods: We searched the four electronic databases from November 2015−December 2021. The most recent, most comprehensive, high-ranked systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and/or umbrel…

BACKGROUND: Confusion exists over the definition of the care pathway concept and existing conceptual frameworks contain various inadequacies which have led to implementation difficulties. In the current global context of rapidly changing health care systems, there is great need for a standardized definition and integra…

OBJECTIVE: To assess the determinants of the participation rate in breast cancer screening programs by conducting a systematic review of reviews. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search in PubMed via Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane identifying the literature up to April 2019. Out of 2258 revealed unique abstra…

BACKGROUND: There is a high prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions in primary care. This is associated with more frequent adverse events, lower quality of life and more frequent visits to hospital accident & emergency departments. The aim of the present study is to summarise available evidence on the eff…

Using the best quality of clinical research evidence is essential for choosing the right treatment for patients. How to identify the best research evidence is, however, difficult. In this narrative review we summarise these threats and describe how to minimise them. Pertinent literature was considered through literatur…

OBJECTIVES: To appraise the quality of evidence in systematic reviews (SRs) within the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSRs) across diverse topics and to explore the relationship between the strength of evidence using Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) and the probabilit…

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder with a substantial global burden. Although multiple studies have investigated the impact of environmental exposures on AD, a comprehensive review integrating children, adults, and mixed-age populations is lacking. This study aimed to synt…

BACKGROUND: Accurate and user-friendly assessment tools for quantifying alcohol consumption are a prerequisite for effective interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm. Digital assessment tools (DATs) that allow the description of consumed alcoholic drinks through animation features may facilitate more accurate repor…

OBJECTIVE: To perform an evidence-based evaluation of the clinical efficacy of Taijiquan, Baduanjin, Yijinjing and Wuqinxi in interventions for type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. METHODS: The comprehensive search included Chinese and other language databases such as the MEDLINE (P…

BACKGROUND: Optimizing body composition for healthy aging in the community is a significant challenge. There are a number of potential interventions available for older people to support both weight gain (for those who are underweight) and weight loss (for overweight or obese people). While the benefits of weight gain…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are more likely to be included in evidence syntheses of health interventions due to their methodological rigor. However, the integration of nonrandomized studies (NRSs) may be necessary, as was seen during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the emergence of varia…