5,004,129 papers found

BACKGROUND: Individuals diagnosed under the spectrum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) experience numerous cognitive and behavioral impairments, including learning disabilities, executive functioning dysfunction, and difficulties in emotional regulation. Studies of direct child-centered nonpharmacological beha…

BACKGROUND: This umbrella review aimed to summarize the findings and conclusions of published systematic reviews on the prophylactic role of mesh against parastomal hernias in colorectal surgery. METHODS: PRISMA-compliant umbrella overview of systematic reviews on the role of mesh in prevention of parastomal hernias w…

BACKGROUND: Several systematic reviews (SRs) assessing the use of telemedicine for musculoskeletal conditions have been published in recent years. However, the landscape of evidence on multiple clinical outcomes remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to summarize the available evidence from SRs on telemedicine for muscu…

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of multi-morbidity is increasing globally. Integrated models of care present a potential intervention to improve patient and health system outcomes. However, the intervention components and concepts within different models of care vary widely and their effectiveness remains unclear. We aimed…

BACKGROUND: The Foods with Function Claims (FFC) was introduced in Japan in April 2015 to make more products available that are labeled with health functions. The products' functionality of function claims must be explained by scientific evidence presented in systematic reviews (SRs), but the quality of recent SRs is u…

INTRODUCTION: Vascular access is the most common invasive procedure performed in health care. This fundamental procedure must be performed in a safe and effective manner. Vascular access devices (VADs) are often the source of infections and other complications, yet there is a lack of clear guidance on VADs for health p…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: While several mobility measures exist, there is large variability across measures in how mobility is conceptualized, the source of information and the measurement properties making it challenging to select relevant mobility measures for individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). Therefore,…

BACKGROUND: Many medicines are dosed to achieve a particular therapeutic range, and monitored using therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The evidence base for a therapeutic range can be evaluated using systematic reviews, to ensure it continues to reflect current indications, doses, routes and formulations, as well as up…

PURPOSE: To summarize the evidence comparing the effectiveness of short and long courses of oral antibiotics for infections treated in outpatient settings. METHODS: We identified systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials for children and adults with bacterial infections treated in outpatient settings from Med…

OBJECTIVE: To identify the instruments used to assess polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) in published studies. METHODS: A systematic literature review of clinical trials and longitudinal observational studies related to PMR, published from 1970 to 2014, was carried out. All outcome and assessment instruments were extracted…

Psychiatric and neurological disorders often co-occur, complicating their assessment, management, and outcomes. No umbrella review (UR) has summarized the meta-analytic evidence on the co-occurrence of psychiatric and neurological disorders and assessed its credibility. Meta-analytic systematic reviews of observational…

Algae and its extracts, widely consumed as functional foods, offer numerous health benefits; however, a comprehensive systematic summary of clinical evidence is currently lacking. The study was to assess the available evidence and provide an accurate estimate of the overall effects of algae and its extracts supplementa…

Mental health and substance use disorders can negatively affect physical health, illness management, care access, and quality of life. These behavioral health conditions are prevalent and undertreated among people with HIV and may worsen outcomes along the entire HIV Care Continuum. This narrative review of tested inte…

BACKGROUND: A postural disturbance known as upper cross syndrome can lead to several musculoskeletal issues affecting the upper body. Further difficulties can be avoided with the use of manual therapy and early identification. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of different physiotherapy intervention options to treat this…

OBJECTIVE: Clozapine response varies widely from person to person, which may be due to inter-individual genetic variability. This umbrella review aims to summarize the current evidence on associations between pharmacodynamic genes and response to clozapine treatment. METHODS: Following the Preferred Reporting Items fo…

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) could persist post-partum, or appear for the first time after delivery and could require a pharmacological treatment. It was found no evidence in literature about which therapy should be used in puerperal hypertension. The aim of this review is to determine the most effective t…

Women with overweight or obesity are twice as likely to gain excessive gestational weight than women of normal weight. Identifying effective interventions to support this group achieve healthy gestational weight gain is important. An overview of systematic reviews regarding the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions…

OBJECTIVE: There is a large amount of studies about interventions for promoting physical activity (PA) in persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as several systematic reviews referring to these studies. The objective of this contribution is to provide a systematic review of these systematic reviews. METHOD: PubMed…

INTRODUCTION: Child neglect is one of the most prevalent forms of child abuse. Neglect can be defined as a lack of sufficient attention, responsibility and protection that matches the age and needs of the child. There is no theory that fully explains why neglect of children happens. Three different causal models of neg…

Three of four recent major sanitation intervention trials found no effect on diarrhea. These results conflicted with longstanding beliefs from decades of literature. To understand this discordance, we placed recent trials into the historical context that preceded them in two ways. First, we evaluated the history of pub…