5,084,101 papers found

BACKGROUND: Child undernutrition remains a leading contributor to mortality, morbidity and impaired development in low-income and middle-income countries, particularly in India where rates of stunting and underweight persist despite broad policy and programme investments. The critical window for intervention is the fir…

BACKGROUND: There is an increasing demand for oral rehabilitation in patients undergoing irradiation for head and neck cancer treatment. Although radiotherapy appears to adversely affect implanted oral rehabilitation, the evidence provided by previous systematic reviews in the field remains controversial. Thus, this um…

IMPORTANCE: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) can follow unintentional dural puncture during epidural techniques or intentional dural puncture during neuraxial procedures, such as a lumbar puncture or spinal anesthesia. Evidence-based guidance on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of this condition is, however,…

BACKGROUND: Aliskiren is a newly developed drug. Its role in lowering BP has been recognized. However, the role of aliskiren in treating heart and renal diseases are still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the existing evidence about clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of aliskiren monotherapy (AM). METHOD…

Approximately one third of individuals who experience a severe traumatic event will develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is crucial to identify what factors may be associated with increased or decreased risk for PTSD. We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of risk/protective…

BACKGROUND: Numerous systematic reviews exist on interventions to improve consumers' medicines use, but this research is distributed across diseases, populations and settings. The scope and focus of reviews on consumers' medicines use also varies widely. Such differences create challenges for decision makers seeking re…

AIM: To characterise typical practices in conducting and reporting umbrella reviews in paediatrics. METHODS: PubMed database was searched for umbrella reviews focusing on children (0-18 years) published from 1 January 2020 to 15 June 2024, regardless of the speciality. The included studies were assessed for rep…

Growing evidence emphasizes the importance of meditation and mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in clinical settings. Here, we attempted to determine the clinical issues targeted by Cochrane reviews of meditation and MBIs and whether the judgements about quality/certainty as expressed by the Cochrane authors differ…

BACKGROUND: Intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism (PE) represents a clinically challenging subgroup of acute PE, characterized by right ventricular dysfunction and increased risk of hemodynamic deterioration despite treatment with anticoagulation therapy. Although systemic thrombolysis may provide more rapid reperf…

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews (SRs) with network meta-analyses (NMAs) are increasingly used to inform guidelines, health technology assessments (HTAs), and policy decisions. Their methodological complexity, as well as the difficulty in assessing the exchangeability assumption and the large amount of results, makes app…

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the effect of physical activity/exercise on improving cognitive and noncognitive outcomes in people with MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and dementia. DESIGN: Umbrella review of systematic reviews (SR), with or without meta-analyses (MAs), of randomized cont…

BACKGROUND: Depression is a prevalent and disabling mental disorder that frequently co-occurs with a wide range of chronic conditions. Evidence has suggested that depression could be associated with excess all-cause mortality across different settings and populations, although the causality of these associations remain…

BACKGROUND: Optimising tuberculosis disease testing algorithms is fundamental to ensuring the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of migrant screening programmes, including better understanding of individual and combined screening test properties. The aim of our study was to estimate pooled tuberculosis test propertie…

INTRODUCTION: Peri-operative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion is hypothesised to increase the risk of cancer recurrence following cancer surgery. However, previous data supporting this association are limited by residual confounding. We conducted an umbrella review (i.e. a systematic review of systematic reviews)…

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated remote cancer care delivery via the internet and telephone, rapidly accelerating an already growing care delivery model and associated research. This scoping review of reviews characterised the peer-reviewed literature reviews on digital health and telehealth interventions in cancer p…

BACKGROUND: In adults with diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and amputation are common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. PURPOSE: Identify tools predicting risk of DFU or amputation that are prognostically accurate and clinically feasible. METHODS: We searched for systematic reviews (SRs) of…

BACKGROUND: Defining multimorbidity has proved elusive in spite of attempts to standardise definitions. For national studies, a broad definition is required to capture national diversity. For locally based studies, the definition may need to reflect demographic and morbidity patterns. We aimed to define multimorbidity…

INTRODUCTION: Practice guidelines advise caution on the use of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review aims to examine the evidence for the benefits and risks of metformin use in patients with T2DM and CKD. METHODS: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,…

IMPORTANCE AND OBJECTIVE: Conducting advance care planning (ACP) conversations with people with dementia and their relatives contributes to providing care according to their preferences. In this review, we identify moral considerations which may hinder or facilitate physicians in conducting ACP in dementia. DESIGN: Fo…

CONTEXT: General Practitioners (GPs) are the leading antidepressants prescribers in Europe and in France. Difficulties in implementing existing recommendations in daily practice have been described. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to elaborate two algorithms to guide GPs in the patient management for a firs…