44,715 papers found

This aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on the association between maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood. The systematic multiple-stage literature search in PubMed, LILACS, BIREME, and PsycINFO was limited to research in h…

The aim of this study was to summarize the efficacy and tolerability of rotigotine in the treatment of primary restless legs syndrome (RLS). PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effectiveness…

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) effectively analyze non-linear data sets. The aimed was A review of the relevant published articles that focused on the application of ANNs as a tool for assisting clinical decision-making in neurosurgery. A literature review of all full publications in English biomedical journals (199…

CONTEXT: Central pathology review (CPR) was initially designed as a quality control measure. The potential of CPR in clinical trials was recognized as early as in the 1960s and quickly became embedded as an integral part of many clinical trials since. OBJECTIVE: To review the current experience with CPR in clinical tr…

HYPOTHESIS: Clavicular fractures account for 2% to 2.6% of all fractures. Plating has been considered the gold standard for treating midshaft clavicular fracture. Intramedullary pinning and conservative treatments have also been commonly used. We hypothesized that intramedullary pinning and conservative treatments have…

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The use of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent infection and reduce mortality in patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) remains controversial. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review of the data from randomized controlled trials to compare prophylactic antibiotic treatmen…

AIM: This article addresses manifestation, course, diagnosis and treatment of personality disorders in older adults (>60 yrs). METHOD: A literature search, using "Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)", Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR)", "PsychINFO 2000-present" and "PUBMED", concernin…

Morbidity and mortality of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is significantly related to the development of chronic cerebral vasospasm. Despite extensive clinical and experimental research, the pathophysiology of the events that result in delayed arterial spasm is not fully understood. A review of…

Natural glucocorticoids (NGC) physiologically modulate body homeostasis and coordinate adaptive responses to stress, involving almost all organs and tissues, including brain. Since their therapeutic availability, synthetic GC (SGC) have been successfully prescribed for a variety of diseases. Mounting evidence, however,…

BACKGROUND: Fish oil supplements, which are rich in n-3 fatty acids, may reduce inflammation, decrease the need for anti-inflammatory drugs, and promote normal weight gain in people with ulcerative colitis. OBJECTIVES: This review evaluates the efficacy of fish oil for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis usin…

It is essential that both the neurologist and the psychiatrist be aware of the neurology drug-psychotropic drug interactions because neurologists prescribe many psychotropic medications and psychiatric consultants often recommend the use of psychotropic drugs for neurology patients. Six methods of examining drug-drug i…

BACKGROUND: Given the importance of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its role in the development of aortic valve stenosis (AVS), as well as its association with adverse outcomes after aortic valve replacement (AVR), the present meta analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive review of previous studies in this field. METHODS:…

PURPOSE: To review and compare the efficacy and safety of adult and pediatric biologic biosimilar use for the treatment of noninfectious uveitis (NIU). METHODS: A review of the literature from inception to December 2025 was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and W…

BACKGROUND: The optimal central forehead fixation method after endoscopic-assisted, subperiosteal browlift is an ongoing clinical controversy. There are two general categories of central forehead bone fixation: permanent bone fixation (e.g., fixation implants, bone tunnels) and temporary bone fixation (e.g., removable,…

: To compare postoperative outcomes between partial resection and preservation of the middle turbinate (MT) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).: A comprehensive search was undertaken across multiple major bibliographic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, E…

INTRODUCTION: Lumbar disc herniation is a frequent cause of radicular leg pain and has a pronounced impact on the quality of life. While guidelines discommend surgery in the acute phase of the condition, literature on conservative treatment is relatively scarce. In this systematic review, prognostic factors for success…

Recent advancements in cancer treatment, including targeted therapy, tailored vaccines, immunotherapy, and bacteriotherapy, have demonstrated remarkable potential in addressing various types of cancer. However, the pursuit of novel therapeutic strategies remains challenged by significant obstacles, including toxicity t…

INTRODUCTION: The tongue is the most common site of oral malignancies, with surgical resection the mainstay of treatment. Tongue cancer resections have significant functional impacts. Ideal reconstruction would restore speech intelligibility, facilitate swallowing of liquids and solids without significant dysphagia, an…

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review hospital length of stay (LOS) associated with falls, pressure ulcers, central line-associated bloodstream infections, and surgical site infections and their potential differences before and after the implementation of the hospital-acquired condition (HAC) reduction program (HACRP).…

Physical attractiveness is commonly evaluated based on facial appearance, with the nose being the most noticeable feature. Botulinum toxin injection is a less invasive method for enhancing nasal esthetics, which can address minor nasal imperfections through relaxing muscles. To fully understand the uses of botulinum to…