44,621 papers found

BACKGROUND Pediatric liver transplantation is used to treat children with end-stage liver disease. This study explored the research hotspots and bibliometric characteristics of pediatric liver transplantation through a variety of bibliometric analysis software. We conducted hotspot analysis to help determine important…

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the most abundant neurotrophin in the brain, serves an important role during brain development and in synaptic plasticity. Given its pleiotropic effects in the central nervous system, BDNF has been implicated in cognitive function and personality development as well as the path…

Several reports have described the use of polymyxins by the intraventricular or intrathecal route for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative meningitis. We reviewed the available clinical evidence regarding intraventricular/intrathecal administration of polymyxins in patients with meningitis, focusing on effectiveness and s…

BACKGROUND: Negated biomedical events are often ignored by text-mining applications; however, such events carry scientific significance. We report on the development of BioNØT, a database of negated sentences that can be used to extract such negated events. DESCRIPTION: Currently BioNØT incorporates ≈…

Scientific reproducibility that effectively leverages existing study data is critical to the advancement of research in many disciplines including neuroscience, which uses imaging and electrophysiology modalities as primary endpoints or key dependency in studies. We are developing an integrated search platform called N…

OBJECTIVE: To review the role of the endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) in the peripheral and central regulation of food intake, appetite, and energy storage and discuss the potential for the ECS to be an important target for lowering cardiovascular risk. METHODS: Materials used for this article were identified throu…

OBJECTIVES: To report a case of biopsy-proven, ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) involving the central nervous system (CNS) and to review the relevant literature. METHODS: Descriptive case report of one patient with AAV-related CNS vasculitis and review of the relevant literature (PubMed search from 1966 to February 20…

The spectrum of diabetes in the young has widened; it now includes monogenic diseases, for example the various forms of permanent and transient neonatal diabetes and MODY as well as the emerging obesity-associated Type 2 diabetes in late childhood, but the main form is still Type 1 diabetes. Age-related major medical,…

OBJECTIVES: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex psychiatric disorder that is often underrecognized, misdiagnosed, and challenging to detect. During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in the development of pharmacotherapeutic and psychosocial interventions for various phases of BD. Notwithstanding these…

Acculturation has become a popular variable in research on health disparities among certain ethnic minorities, in the absence of serious reflection about its central concepts and assumptions. Key constructs such as what constitutes a culture, which traits pertain to the ethnic versus "mainstream" culture, and what cult…

P75 neurotrophic receptor (p75NTR) is an important receptor for the role of neurotrophins in modulating brain plasticity and apoptosis. The current understanding of the role of p75NTR in cellular adaptation following pathological insults remains blurred, which makes p75NTR's related signaling networks an interesting an…

The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs)-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or HAIDS pandemic originated from lentiviruses of nonhuman primates (thus qualifying as a zoonosis) that moved into humans in Africa. The HAIDS patients eventually die of opportunistic infections, all potentially zoonotic. The HAIDS inf…

BACKGROUND: Recent evidence has suggested that pain in functional dyspepsia (FD) is associated with nervous system dysfunction; indicating that therapies aimed at nervous system modulation might be associated with pain relief in FD. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the efficacy o…

IMPORTANCE: The use and misuse of P values has generated extensive debates. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in large scale the P values reported in the abstracts and full text of biomedical research articles over the past 25 years and determine how frequently statistical information is presented in ways other than P values. D…

Of couples with subfertility, 25% have complete or partial blockage of the fallopian tube. Since the advent of in vitro fertilization (IVF), the role of tubal surgery has diminished. However, this type of surgery continues to be undertaken on selected patients with mild tubal disease, and in those with severe tubal dis…

OBJECTIVE: To explore development of possible approaches leading to a sensitive and precise Medline search to identify observational studies of the association between oral contraceptives and breast cancer, an adverse event. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We compared the results of a series of Medline searches to a gold st…

OBJECTIVE: To automatically recognize self-acknowledged limitations in clinical research publications to support efforts in improving research transparency. METHODS: To develop our recognition methods, we used a set of 8431 sentences from 1197 PubMed Central articles. A subset of these sentences was manually annotated…

BACKGROUND: Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder in which the renal tubules become structurally abnormal, resulting in the development and growth of multiple cysts within the kidneys. Numerous studies on PKD have been published in the literature. However, no such articles used medical subject headings…

Our understanding of the biology of neuro-oncologic disease has improved vastly over time, however overall patient survival remains relatively poor. Our goal as clinicians, therefore, should be to ensure that the quality of life (QOL) in that survival time is optimized. Here we review neuro-oncology QOL abstracts prese…