4,952,564 papers found

BACKGROUND: Rapid reviews have the potential to overcome a key barrier to the use of research evidence in decision making, namely that of the lack of timely and relevant research. This rapid review of systematic reviews and primary studies sought to answer the question: What are the best methodologies to enable a rapid…

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether, according to the conclusions of a 2000 systematic review with meta-analysis on interventions to prevent pain from propofol injection that provided a research agenda to guide further research on the topic, subsequently published trials were more often optimally blinded, reported on childre…

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) may be associated with obesity-related cancer (ORC) owing to shared risk factors like physical inactivity, insulin resistance, gut microbiome dysfunction, and inflammation. We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence on the…

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether network meta-analyses, increasingly used to assess comparative effectiveness of healthcare interventions, follow the key methodological recommendations for reporting and conduct of systematic reviews. DESIGN: Methodological systematic review of reports of network meta-analyses. DATA SOUR…

BACKGROUND: A framework for high quality in post graduate training has been defined by the World Federation of Medical Education (WFME). The objective of this paper is to perform a systematic review of reviews to find current evidence regarding aspects of quality of post graduate training and to organise the results fo…

BACKGROUND: Overviews of systematic reviews attempt to systematically retrieve and summarise the results of multiple systematic reviews. Methods for conducting, interpreting and reporting overviews are in their infancy. To date, there has been no evidence map of the methods used in overviews, thus making it difficult t…

The overall goal of a systematic review or meta-analysis is to combine results of previous studies to arrive at summary conclusions about a body of research. In radiology, systematic reviews or meta-analyses can be used to calculate a summary estimate of effect size of a treatment that used imaging data to assess outco…

The promotion of health literacy is critical to active and informed participation in health promotion, disease prevention, and health care. This article reports on a rapid review of the evidence concerning effective strategies for improving health literacy. This review was undertaken as part of a series of evidence rev…

BACKGROUND: Selective reporting bias (SRB), the incomplete publication of outcomes measured or of analyses performed in a study, may lead to the over- or underestimation of treatment effects or harms. Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions are required to assess the risk of SRB, achieved in part by applying the C…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of brief interventions in the primary health care setting to decrease alcohol consumption in non-alcoholic adult drinkers. METHOD: Systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials published in English and Spanish and indexed in EMBASE, MED…

BACKGROUND: Systematic review guidance recommends the use of programme theory to inform considerations of if and how healthcare interventions may work differently across socio-economic status (SES) groups. This study aimed to address the lack of detail on how reviewers operationalise this in practice. METHODS: A metho…

A good medical review article is easily readable and pares down the seemingly overwhelming amount of information available in the literature. The research experience and clinical expertise of the writer do not guarantee valid and relevant recommendations. Uncritical acceptance of information by readers further potentia…

BACKGROUND: Systematic review articles support the advance of science and translation of research evidence into healthcare practice. Inaccurate retrieval from medline could limit access to reviews. OBJECTIVE: To determine the quality of indexing systematic reviews and meta-analyses in medline. METHODS: The Clinical H…

INTRODUCTION: Vaginectomy is frequently indicated to ensure an adequate resection in rectal cancer. This paper reviews the success, complications, and functional results after various methods of vaginal reconstruction following resection for rectal tumors. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed b…

BACKGROUND: Maternity care providers, particularly midwives, have a window of opportunity to influence pregnant women about positive health choices. This aim of this paper is to identify evidence of effective public health interventions from good quality systematic reviews that could be conducted by midwives. METHODS:…

BACKGROUND: The limited number of telemedicine applications being transferred to standard medical care in Germany may to some extent be explained by deficits in the current evaluation practice. Effectiveness and cost effectiveness can only be demonstrated to decision makers and potential users with methodologically sou…

A single study rarely suffices to underpin treatment or policy decisions. This creates a strong imperative for systematic reviews. Authors of reviews need a method to synthesize the results of several studies, regardless of whether or which statistical method is used. In this article, we provide arguments for combining…

BACKGROUND: Overviews of reviews (overviews) compile data from multiple systematic reviews to provide a single synthesis of relevant evidence for decision-making. Despite their increasing popularity, there is limited methodological guidance available for researchers wishing to conduct overviews. The objective of this s…

INTRODUCTION: Studies on category-specific claim to provide insights on structure and organization of semantic information. This type of phenomenon consists of the selective impairment of the information on a domain, for instance, living things (animals) but the sparing of nonliving things (tools), or vice versa. Despi…