5,007,838 papers found

IMPORTANCE: Septic shock currently refers to a state of acute circulatory failure associated with infection. Emerging biological insights and reported variation in epidemiology challenge the validity of this definition. OBJECTIVE: To develop a new definition and clinical criteria for identifying septic shock in adults…

BACKGROUND: This review assessed the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of point-of-care tests to guide the initial management of people presenting with suspected acute respiratory infection. METHODS: Searches for systematic reviews, randomised controlled trials and cost-utility studies were conducted in May 2023. Sourc…

Maternal infection with Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy and foetal outcomes, but evidence credibility varies. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the strength of evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on these arbov…

BACKGROUND: The expanding global use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) warrants rigorous evidence synthesis. This umbrella review (UR) evaluated the strength and validity of evidence on ART effects on reproductive, perinatal, and maternal outcomes. METHODS: We searched five databases and reference lists (Incep…

BACKGROUND: Experiences during childhood and adolescence have enduring impacts on physical and mental well-being, overall quality of life, and socioeconomic status throughout one's lifetime. This underscores the importance of prioritizing the health of children and adolescents to establish an impactful healthcare syste…

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Estimates of the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes vary between 6% and 9%. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been investigated in psychiatric populations but a critical appraisal of the existing evidence is lacking, and an overview is needed. This umbrella review summarises existing systematic r…

BACKGROUND: Healthcare providers should balance the potential risks and benefits of chronic diuretic use, particularly in older adults, as with age, diuretic benefits may decline and risks increase. A comprehensive synthesis and critical evaluation of the available evidence on chronic diuretic treatment effects is curr…

BACKGROUND: The exponential growth of biomedical literature-over a million new PubMed entries each year-has outpaced traditional evidence-synthesis methods. Systematic reviews, long the cornerstone of evidence-based dentistry, are resource-intensive and often outdated within a few years, widening the gap between curren…

People living with HIV (PLWH) have a particularly high risk of mental health disorders and are also stigmatized in several ways; both of which can impact their quality of life and mental health. Mental health interventions for PLWH have been widely discussed in a diverse range of reviews; however, most were not conduct…

CONTEXT: Our understanding of the benefits of breastfeeding and the consumption of human milk for specific infant outcomes and the magnitude of those benefits continues to evolve. OBJECTIVE: Review the evidence on the association between breastfeeding and child health outcomes. DATA SOURCES: Systematic literature sea…

Despite its comparatively limited size in humans, spleen has been shown able to expel red-blood cells in the circulation and thus augment blood oxygen-carrying capacity under certain physiologic conditions. In the present state-of-the-art review, the short- and long-term regulation of spleen volume will be discussed. W…

In 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a new classification of lymphoid neoplasms, a revision of the previously used Revised 4th Edition of their classification (WHO-4R). However, this means that two classifications are now in simultaneous use: the 5th Edition of the WHO classification (WHO-5) and the In…

Cryptorchidism presents with an incidence of 1-5% with potential long-term implications on future fertility and overall health. This review focuses on surgical treatment modalities, their impact on testicular development, and function while addressing the Nordic consensus statement as well as current European Associati…

PURPOSE: Patients may need removal of their teeth with placement of implants for rehabilitation. The clinical problem is the status of the remaining teeth and how this affects the timing for implant placement and the method for provisionalization. The importance of this review is to document the different strategies in…

Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been extensively used in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in modern clinical practice, alone or in combination with conventional treatment. However, its efficacy has not been assessed extensively. From inception until August 2023, we systematically searched 5 public literature…

Newborn screening from dried blood spots (NBS) is a highly effective secondary prevention measure that has been established for many years. Against the background of the inclusion of "new diseases" that meet the screening criteria, a concept for the further advancement of NBS was developed on behalf of the GK…

China has now achieved the elimination of malaria, but it still faces severe challenges in the post-elimination stage. China continues to be plagued by imported malaria cases, and preventing re-transmission of imported malaria is critical. The effectiveness of antimalarial drugs for malaria control largely depends on t…

BACKGROUND: Breast implants are the most commonly used medical devices in plastic surgery, and capsular contracture (CC) is one of the most common complications. However, our assessment of CC is based largely on Baker grade, which is problematically subjective and affords only four possible values. METHODS: The author…

Infants born preterm or with complicated medical conditions requiring care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at high risk for long-term developmental disabilities. The transition from NICU to early intervention/outpatient settings results in a disruptive gap in a therapeutic intervention during a period of…

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, is characterized by progressive cartilage destruction, concomitant adaptive osteogenesis, and loss of joint function. The progression of OA with aging is associated with a decrease in native hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronate or hyaluronic acid) with a high molecular wei…