44,726 papers found

BACKGROUND: This systematic review aimed to investigate central nervous system (CNS) involvement in leprosy by analysing multiple cohort studies, individual cases and case series. METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. PubMed, Scopus and Embase databas…

BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia and neurocritical injury are life-threatening conditions requiring immediate management with consideration of the safety concerns related to peripheral intravenous administration of hypertonic solutions. Although a central intravenous catheter is the preferred route of administration, central i…

BACKGROUND: Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is closely related to venous thromboembolism (VTE). It is a common complication of hospitalized patients, and its etiology is complex. How to prevent the occurrence of VTE is the focus of clinical work. In order to provide basis for individual prevention and acc…

BACKGROUND: Catecholamines (CAs) have been reported to be involved in numerous functions including central nervous system. CA release from the intra neuronal storage vesicles aid in the therapy of various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders where the catecholaminergic neurotransmission is compromised. Bioavaila…

PURPOSE: Maladaptive plasticity in the sensorimotor system, following neurological lesions or diseases, plays a central role in the generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Repetitive magnetic stimulation of the central and peripheral nervous system has gained relevance as noninvasive approach for neuromodulatio…

AIM: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has increased dramatically in recent years, and the cluster of metabolic abnormalities it encompasses results in increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The role of abdominal (visceral) obesity and the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms central to this assoc…

In this paper the authors review the literature concerning de novo cavernoma formation after radiation treatment. PubMed and MEDLINE database searches were performed. Data were compiled on all patients in whom de novo cavernomas formed after radiation treatment and whose cases were reported in the literature. The autho…

Catheter lock solutions (CLs) are commonly used to reduce the risk of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), but it remains uncertain which type is most beneficial for patients. This systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis synthesized available evidence by comparing different CLs directly…

BACKGROUND: Sensorimotor dysfunction is thought to occur following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury which may have implications on future reinjury risk. Dysfunction has been demonstrated within the efferent component of the sensorimotor system. However, no reviews have examined the two main components of the aff…

Background Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a widespread retinal disorder, and 30-50% of patients eventually result in retinal pigment epithelium atrophy and irreversible vision loss. Aim of the review To evaluate the effectiveness of medications based on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) on…

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health problem linked to hyperglycemia and cardiovascular complications, including central arterial stiffness. Metformin, the first-line therapy for T2DM, has been suggested to provide vascular protection, although evidence on arterial stiffness is inconsistent. This study in…

CNS diseases have recently received a lot of focus. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has the worst prognosis among various cancers. With its aggressive nature and potential for recurrence, GBM is a major concern in neuroscience. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical removal are currently employed methods for treating G…

Primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) is a rare disease confined wholly or chiefly to extramural involvement. Tumor thrombus in the central adrenal vein, renal vein, and inferior vena cava has been reported in adrenal pheochromocytoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, adrenal metastasis carcinoma, and adrenal leiomyosarcoma. Primary…

BACKGROUND: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) has become a common therapy. There is still controversy regarding the possibility that peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) may diminish catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI) rates. METHODS: We searched the PubMed database for studies reporting the rates…

There are no effective central nervous system (CNS) metastases prevention methods in lung cancer patients. Prophylactic cranial irradiation has a limited effectiveness and relatively high toxicity. Systemic chemotherapy is not relevant in reducing the risk of CNS in lung cancer patients. The understanding of molecular…

BACKGROUND: Extreme lateral interbody fusion (ELIF) is a powerful tool for interbody fusion and coronal deformity correction. However, evidence regarding the success of ELIF in decompressing foraminal, lateral recess, and central canal stenosis is lacking. We performed a systematic review of current literature on the p…

PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review was to identify the interventions used to treat obstructive events, whether thrombotic or non-thrombotic, in long-term central venous catheters (LT-CVC) in cancer patients. METHODS: This review included clinical trials and observational studies reporting the drugs used to tre…

Over recent decades, postgraduate medical education has shifted increasingly towards competency-based frameworks. Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) have emerged as a key approach to integrating the assessment of professional practice. While communication is widely recognised as a core competence in Family Medi…

BACKGROUND: WeChat, China's dominant mobile super-application with over one billion active users, offers a uniquely accessible and scalable digital health intervention. Despite a growing body of primary research, no meta-analysis has yet synthesized evidence across all three major diabetes subtypes type 1 (T1DM), type…

BACKGROUND: Cancers of the oesophagus, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), and proximal stomach share epidemiological, molecular, and therapeutic characteristics. Despite their similarities, treatment guidelines vary, and the classification of GEJ tumours remains debated. While multiple meta-analyses have addressed subset…