44,731 papers found

Current food safety issues are deleteriously reshaping the life style of the population in the developing world. Socioeconomic status of the population in poorer economies is one of the major determinants to delineate the availability of safe food to the vulnerable population. Assessment of the prevalence of foodborne…

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the main findings seen on conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used to assess gray matter (GM) involvement in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). DATA SOURCES: The data used in this review were obtained mainly from studies reported in the PubMed database using the terms…

BACKGROUND: The effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in menopausal and postmenopausal women are not well characterized and may differ from other patient populations, given their different hormone profiles. Current research evaluating the effects of GLP-1RAs on weight loss, cardiovascular mark…

OBJECTIVES: Melioidosis is increasingly recognized in India, but available evidence remains fragmented across small reports. We aimed to synthesize national case-based data to describe the clinical spectrum and identify factors associated with mortality. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of S…

We reviewed usage of nanomaterials and nanotechnology in otolaryngology. The literature search in this narrative review used Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCO, Proquest Central, Proquest Central, Web of Science and Scopus at Kırıkkale University. We searched for "Nanomaterials," "nanotechnology," "otola…

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common and serious breathing disorder. Several pathophysiological factors predispose individuals to OSA. These factors are quantifiable, and modifiable pharmacologically. AREAS COVERED: Four key pharmacotherapeutic targets are identified and mapped to the major determin…

BACKGROUND: One of the rare neuroinflammatory disorders is Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) which involves the central nervous system (CNS), and develops by various etiologies. There is evident that viral infections could cause neurological disorders. In this regard, novel coronavirus (COVID-19) triggers…

Several studies in both multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) have shed light on the vascular mechanisms contributing to MS pathogenesis. The dysregulation of the hemostatic pathways revealed to play a pivotal role. Here, we review the numerous findings providing evidence on the involve…

The favourable safety profile and ubiquitous nature of melatonin has led to an increase in its use in various clinical settings in adults and children. We performed a systematic review of published studies on the use of melatonin for anaesthetic indications in paediatric patients. To identify relevant articles, PubMed,…

. Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with physical and psychobehavioral impairment in children. Effective rehabilitation programs postinjury are critical for children with TBI. Virtual reality (VR) has been increasingly adopted for brain injury rehabilitation. However, scientific synthesis is lacking…

OBJECTIVE: To identify the major risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in individuals of African descent. METHODS: We searched PubMed for relevant articles, with results spanning April 1947 to present. All abstracts were reviewed and, where relevant to POAG and race, articles were catalogued and analyzed…

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of disorders that includes insulin resistance, central obesity, arterial hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. These disorders can have implications for the genitourinary apparatus. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a review on the pathophysiological aspects that explain the relati…

In recent years, Internet-delivered treatments have been largely used for pain monitoring, offering healthcare professionals and patients the ability to interact anywhere and at any time. Electronic diaries have been increasingly adopted as the preferred methodology to collect data related to pain intensity and symptom…

MOTIVATION: Anatomical entities ranging from subcellular structures to organ systems are central to biomedical science, and mentions of these entities are essential to understanding the scientific literature. Despite extensive efforts to automatically analyze various aspects of biomedical text, there have been only few…

STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. OBJECTIVE: To study the progress that has been made in neural plasticity for the past few decades. SETTING: United Kingdom/China. METHODS: An electronic search of relevant publications through PubMed was conducted using two key words: 'axonal regeneration' and 'neural plasticity'. Th…

BACKGROUND: Multiple line of clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that both acute, moderate, and chronic, excessive alcohol use result in various abnormalities in the functions of the immune system. METHODS: Medline and PubMed databases were used to identify published reports with particular interest in the…

BACKGROUND: We evaluate the evidence that depression, anger, hostility, and anxiety are related to risk for the metabolic syndrome, focusing as well on its components of central adiposity and insulin resistance. In addition, we identify possible moderators of these associations and summarize plausible underlying biobeh…

BACKGROUND: Bladder EpiCheck (BE) is a novel methylation-based PCR urine test for the detection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrences. OBJECTIVE: We present the results of a North American study evaluating BE and meta-analysis of literature. METHODS: A prospective, blinded, multicenter study was c…

BACKGROUND: Recently, increasing relevant studies researched the efficacy of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients using chemotherapy with or without estramustine, in order to assess the efficacy and toxicity of combining estramustine with chemotherapy for the treatment of CRPC. METHODS: Relevant random…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Despite Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) remaining the standard of care for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC), novel combination strategies are being actively investigated. Comparative evidence on the efficacy and tolerability of these regimens in BCG-naïve patients re…