44,768 papers found

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent chronic neuroinflammatory disease, characterized by demyelination, inflammation and axonal degeneration. Up to 40% of people with MS (pwMS) experience central neuropathic pain (CNP). Despite numerous debilitating consequences, CNP is often underdiagnosed…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous radiomics-based models have been proposed to discriminate between central nervous system (CNS) gliomas and primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs). Given the heterogeneity of the existing models, we aimed to define their overall performance and identify the most critical var…

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the efficacy of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the difference in efficacy of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with and witho…

PURPOSE: Beyond vessel wall enhancement, little is understood about vessel wall MR imaging (VW-MRI) features of vasculitis affecting the central nervous system (CNS). We reviewed vessel wall MR imaging patterns of inflammatory versus infectious vasculitis and also compared imaging patterns for intracranial versus extra…

BACKGROUND: Perioperative visual loss (POVL) is a rare but devastating complication of spinal surgery, most commonly associated with posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Its pathophysiology remains multifactorial and incompletely understood. METHODS: A systematic revi…

BACKGROUND: Despite growing evidence supporting ultrasound (US)- and ECG-guided protocols, chest radiography (CXR) remains the most widely used method for post-procedural confirmation of central venous catheter (CVC) position in clinical practice. METHODS: We conducted a rapid review of observational studies, randomise…

BACKGROUND: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is an exudative maculopathy characterized by serous retinal detachment, choroidal hyperpermeability, and retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction. Beyond its ocular features, CSCR has long been associated with stress-related mechanisms and emotional dysregulation. Psych…

OBJECTIVE: Hemodialysis catheter-related right atrial thrombus (CRAT) is a rare and fatal complication related with catheter. Treatment recommendations are controversial. We reported our institution's recent three cases in managing CRAT and review and analyze the reported cases of CRAT in hemodialysis patients. METHOD…

Treating central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is challenging due to high recurrence rates and variable therapy responses. This study examines the efficacy of various treatments in reducing CGCG recurrence. A literature review explored outcomes of surgical excision, curettage, intralesional corticosteroid injection, and…

Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors represent more than half of all childhood malignant neoplasms. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between environmental exposure to pesticides and the development of CNS tumors in children. We conducted a systematic review of the literature in the PubMed/MEDILINE…

Until recently, metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4) has not received adequate attention in terms of drug targeting when compared to other members of the same mGlu receptor family, possibly because of the difficulties encountered in developing highly selective, either orthosteric or allosteric, ligands for this re…

BACKGROUND: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the roles of SPECT, PET, and MRS in distinguishing primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) from other focal brain lesions (FBLs) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and Medline were systematic…

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients are at increased risk for central venous catheter-related infections (CRIs). Thus, a comprehensive, practical and evidence-based guideline on CRI in patients with malignancies is warranted. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A panel of experts by the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the Germ…

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Chronic pain and comorbid sleep difficulties impact many children and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of psychological interventions on sleep in children and adolescents with chronic pain. METHODS: Five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, APA PsychInfo, Embase, CENTRAL) were searched fr…

Objectives: To provide clinical recommendations based on evidence for the the prevention and management of HDP in EsSalud. Methods: A CPG for the the prevention and management of HDP in EsSalud was developed. To this end, a guideline development group (local GDG) was established, including medical specialists and metho…

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality (VR) on upper extremity (UE) motor function, gross motor dexterity, hand grip strength, and activities of daily living (ADLs) in individuals with central nervous system disorders (CNSDs). DESIGN: A search was conducted in PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane Li…

OBJECTIVE: The management of central venous catheter (CVC) occlusion remains an area without clear evidence-based guidelines. Studies have been conducted that compare the use of heparin and normal saline for reducing thrombosis, but the evidence is not strong enough to suggest a significant advantage of one over the ot…

BACKGROUND: The standard of care for CNS lymphoma typically includes high dose methotrexate followed by whole brain radiation therapy, but there is an increased risk of neurotoxicity with this regimen. In our institution, we offered stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for disease refractory to HD-MTX in a subset of patient…

The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the efficacy of laser therapy for ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Relevant studies were retrieved by searching the PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and, Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals databases using a combination o…

infection (CDI) is a leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhoea and a marker of antimicrobial exposure and healthcare quality, yet Central Asia is almost absent from the indexed literature. We reviewed available evidence on CDI epidemiology, antimicrobial use and molecular typing across Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ky…