42,426 papers found

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to determine the rate and risk factors of paratracheal lymph node (PTLN) involvement during total laryngectomy (TL) or total pharyngolaryngectomy (TPL). In addition, we aimed to assess its prognostic significance in terms of survival and peristomal recurrence. METHODS: A co…

To compare the efficacy of five kinds of antiangiogenic drugs in the treatment of diabetic macular edemaA comprehensive search of seven databases without language restrictions includes PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CBM, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and WanFang date. All literature used was published before October 202…

Patients who are bedridden often suffer from muscular atrophy due to reduced daily activities and can become depressed. However, patients who undergo physical therapy sometimes demonstrate positive benefits including a reduction of stressful and depressed behavior. Regenerative medicine has seen improvements in two ste…

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, neuroimaging, treatment, and outcome of stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome, and to propose diagnostic criteria for this disorder. DATA SOURCES: We searched the PubMed database for articles in English published from 1995…

BACKGROUND: The adverse health effects of abdominal obesity are well documented in adults, but such association remains to be determined in the pediatric age group. This study aims to perform a systematic review on the association between abdominal obesity and cardio-metabolic factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension…

PURPOSE: Mild adverse drug reactions typically associated with antimicrobials are familiar to most clinicians. However, rare phenomena, such as neurotoxicity, are often unpredictable and potentially unexpected. The toxic effects of antimicrobials on the central nervous system are often underreported and the mechanism(s…

UNLABELLED: Background / Objective: This systematic review aimed to summarize the epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic challenges, antimicrobial resistance, and clinical outcomes of community-acquired central nervous system (CNS) infections in Western Asian countries. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed was conducted…

Severe disease progression, including secondary bacterial infections and sepsis, can occur both during initial infection with the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and its reactivation in the form of herpes zoster. This remains a fairly common problem. However, in most cases, the disease proceeds without complications. In R…

: Fibromyalgia represents the most prevalent of the group of conditions that are known as central sensitivity syndromes. Approximately 2-5% of the adult population in the United States is affected by Fibromyalgia. This pain amplification syndrome has an enormous economic impact as measured by work absenteeism, decrease…

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to review the clinical data on the effectiveness of the pharmacotherapy of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs). METHODS: A literature search ofwas performed (from January 1996 to October 2018) using the terms: 'HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders', 'HIV-associated…

BACKGROUND: Altered central pain modulation is the predominant pain mechanism in a proportion of chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders and is associated with poor outcomes. Although existing studies predict poor outcomes such as persistent pain and disability, to date there is little consensus on what factors specific…

BACKGROUND: Scutellarin (SCU) is a flavone glycoside mainly isolated from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand. -Mazza, which is a type of medicinal herb broadly utilized in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Although Scu possesses remarkable therapeutic actions on CNS disorders, the underlying mechanisms, pharmacoki…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous radiomics-based models have been proposed to discriminate between central nervous system (CNS) gliomas and primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs). Given the heterogeneity of the existing models, we aimed to define their overall performance and identify the most critical var…

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the efficacy of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the difference in efficacy of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with and witho…

PURPOSE: Beyond vessel wall enhancement, little is understood about vessel wall MR imaging (VW-MRI) features of vasculitis affecting the central nervous system (CNS). We reviewed vessel wall MR imaging patterns of inflammatory versus infectious vasculitis and also compared imaging patterns for intracranial versus extra…

OBJECTIVES: This review assesses the polypharmacy reduction potential of cinnamic acids (CAs) and some related compounds in managing three or more of the cluster of seven, pre- and post-type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related features (central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidatio…

BACKGROUND: The association of central venous pressure (CVP) and mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill adult patients remains unclear. We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether elevated CVP is associated with increased mortality and AKI in critically ill adult patients. METHODS: We searched…

BACKGROUND: Despite growing evidence supporting ultrasound (US)- and ECG-guided protocols, chest radiography (CXR) remains the most widely used method for post-procedural confirmation of central venous catheter (CVC) position in clinical practice. METHODS: We conducted a rapid review of observational studies, randomise…

BACKGROUND: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is an exudative maculopathy characterized by serous retinal detachment, choroidal hyperpermeability, and retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction. Beyond its ocular features, CSCR has long been associated with stress-related mechanisms and emotional dysregulation. Psych…

: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a primary concern in children's health. Research suggests that repeated oxygen drops during sleep-common in SDB-may harm the brainstem's breathing control centres. This damage likely occurs through oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, which weaken the brain's ability to…