11,451,444 papers found

The premise that activities have inherent meanings is basic to the theory and practice of occupational therapy. In this study the investigators hypothesized that different activities would elicit different kinds of affective meanings in their participants. The subjects in this study were 59 students beginning their tra…

Results of a study using data collected at 2 points in time, separated by 6 months, suggested that subordinates resisted their supervisors' downward influence tactics with greater frequency when their supervisors were more abusive and that subordinates' personality moderated the effects of abusive supervision. The rela…

This study's objective was to assess the usability of the epilepsy history module of the electronic patient record, developed at Beaumont Hospital, and to identify opportunities for improvement. Observation, interview and document analysis methods were used. Results indicated that the module was useable but the design…

Interviews with 62 outpatients with chronic schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder indicated that many patients monitor symptoms that they associate with changes in their illness and alter their behavior based on their symptoms. Ninety-eight percent of the subjects identified symptoms, two-thirds of which were nonp…

Over a 38 month period, 264 patients were admitted for management of burns at the Emergency referral hospital in the resource-poor West African country of Sierra Leone. 244 charts and records were available for review, and 196 met the study's inclusion criteria. For the first 27 months, 158 patients were treated with t…

Subjective expected relative similarity (SERS) is a descriptive theory that explains cooperation levels in single-step prisoner's dilemma (PD) games. SERS predicts that individuals cooperate whenever their subjectively perceived similarity with their opponent exceeds a situational index, namely the game's similarity th…

This study aims to understand the way that AI chatbot interaction affects customers' purchasing decisions. This is achieved through testing the dual mediating effects of customer digital intimacy and psychological ownership on this relationship. The study utilized a quasi-experimental design to test the causal relation…

Screenings for the early detection of breast cancer greatly improve survival odds. Studies of minority groups have shown lower attendance of screenings; however, these studies seldom focused on religious minorities. This study examines perceptions of cancer and cancer screening among healthy ultraorthodox women in orde…

BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the relationship between social media addiction (in a non-clinical sense) and information literacy (access, evaluation, and use), with a focus on the mediating roles of critical thinking and cognitive flexibility among university students. METHODS: This study employed a correl…

The hypothesis that adolescents start smoking because they perceive it as a strategy to control their weight was examined. At the same time, we controlled for sociodemographic, individual, and parental factors. Longitudinal data were collected among 428 Dutch families (mother, father, and two siblings between 13 and 16…

Dental erosion is a demineralization process that affects hard dental tissues (such as enamel and dentin), independent of any microbial action. This study evaluated certain common beverages and their abilities to initiate cervical erosion lesions. The progression of these lesions was monitored in an accelerated test co…

Studies that seek to understand and improve health care systems benefit from qualitative methods that employ theory to add depth, complexity, and context to analysis. Theories used in health research typically emerge from social science, but these can be inadequate for studying complex health systems. Mental health reh…

Despite the effectiveness of Therapeutic Communities (TCs), empirical studies of TCs are mostly atheoretical. In this study, concepts related to Gottfredson and Hirschi's General Theory of Crime were used to predict posttreatment delinquency among adolescents. Using data collected as part of Drug Abuse Treatment Outcom…

We present an example of a collaborative process designed to review models of outcome monitoring for substance abuse services, with a view to assessing the feasibility of different approaches in Ontario, Canada. A conceptual framework that describes the parameters of an outcome monitoring system and four models of outc…

The Gambling Task (GT) has demonstrated sensitivity to a type of decision-making that differentiates individuals manifesting substance use disorders from those without such disorders. However, studies have not yet compared the GT performance of "heavy smokers" to the performance of never-smokers. In the present study,…