11,525,970 papers found

Hopefulness is believed to be a significant element in the human response to illness, but its clinical impact has not been documented due to conceptual and operational difficulties. This article generates a definition of hopefulness from well and ill adolescents. The study's conceptual orientation included the beliefs…

As well as protecting the rights of participants, a study's ethics must encompass the quality of its execution. As such, international standards have been established for studies involving human subjects. The objective of this review is to evaluate the usefulness of the Guide to Good Clinical Practice and "study monito…

With the introduction of potential reduced exposure products (PREPs) and the interest in studying tobacco harm reduction, sound research and surveillance are needed to examine and understand the distribution and availability of PREPs in communities, as well as the tobacco industry's marketing practices surrounding thes…

Questionnaire design is considered in the context of a longitudinal panel study focusing on the careers of people qualifying from all four branches of the UK nurse diploma course. Separate, but comparable, questionnaires were developed for each branch in order to produce information which reflected the differences betw…

This paper describes a national birth cohort study of influences on health, development and ageing processes throughout life, so far to age 65 years. It began as an early post-war study of maternity in England, Wales and Scotland two years before the NHS began, and continued as a follow-up study of a large sample (5362…

Data are presented from a recent longitudinal study of dietary habits of English children aged 11-13 y, in relation to various factors which may have influenced the estimations of intake. A knowledge of such relationships may aid the design and interpretation of this and other dietary surveys. The factors studied inclu…

BACKGROUND: Successful academic physicians acquire and maintain productive colleague relationships, understand unwritten rules of academe, and effectively manage their careers. Developing these professional socialization skills are goals of some faculty development programs (FDPs), but there is scant evidence about whe…

The hypothesis that adolescents start smoking because they perceive it as a strategy to control their weight was examined. At the same time, we controlled for sociodemographic, individual, and parental factors. Longitudinal data were collected among 428 Dutch families (mother, father, and two siblings between 13 and 16…

This paper contributes to the empirical knowledge of determinants of smoking initiation in adolescents. The instrument we used was a structural equation model, which is a powerful tool to analyze causal relationships in nonexperimental studies. We used a school-based sample of 1198 teenagers from Spain. We measured the…

In the natural environment, color discriminations are made within a rich context of spatial and temporal variation. In classical laboratory methods for studying chromatic discrimination, there is typically a border between the test and adapting fields that introduces a spatial chromatic contrast signal. Typically, the…

Early studies documented an inverse association between the HIV risk and duration of injection among injection drug users (IDUs). Results from subsequent studies have been inconsistent. To examine this issue, we conducted interviews with 395 street-recruited active IDUs from 38 neighborhoods in New York City during 200…

A randomised controlled study of nurse-led shared care of patients awaiting coronary artery bypass surgery led to significant improvements in patients' care management. Here, we summarise the study's findings.

The results of studying the process of biological oxidation of carbohydrates and Krebs cycle enzymes under the therapeutical influence of electromagnetic radiation of mm-range as a response of patient with gastroduodenal pathology are presented. Positive clinical effect was accompanied by multidirectional changes of bi…

Beyond calling attention to Lee, Cho, Seo, Lee, and Choi's (2014) worthy construct validation regimen, the purpose of this brief note is to extend the study's effect by interpreting the broader than usual empirical and theoretical connections in a way that may not be obvious.

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the magnitude of the association between population mobility, measured by net migration rate (NMR), and HIV prevalence in Central America and Mexico. METHODS: Using time series models, based on public information from UNAIDS, UNDP, ECLAC, and the World Bank for the period 1990-2009, this associatio…

This study investigated the possibility of making compliance data from the public and private sectors more amenable for multiple uses, by studying data from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inspections during 1979-1989. The potential association of five variables with mean and upper-end (in upper qu…

In this paper we sought to reproduce, as a computational retrospective study in an EHR database (MIMIC-II), a recent large prospective clinical study: the 2013 publication, by the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM), about disseminated intravascular coagulation, in the journal Critical Care (PMID: 23787004).…