11,351,068 papers found

As well as protecting the rights of participants, a study's ethics must encompass the quality of its execution. As such, international standards have been established for studies involving human subjects. The objective of this review is to evaluate the usefulness of the Guide to Good Clinical Practice and "study monito…

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the magnitude of the association between population mobility, measured by net migration rate (NMR), and HIV prevalence in Central America and Mexico. METHODS: Using time series models, based on public information from UNAIDS, UNDP, ECLAC, and the World Bank for the period 1990-2009, this associatio…

In the natural environment, color discriminations are made within a rich context of spatial and temporal variation. In classical laboratory methods for studying chromatic discrimination, there is typically a border between the test and adapting fields that introduces a spatial chromatic contrast signal. Typically, the…

OBJECTIVE: The study's aim was to assess the potential therapeutic effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on ranulas in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. STUDY DESIGN: The study includes a retrospective observation of 3 patients who were initially part of a prospective study on the…

With the introduction of potential reduced exposure products (PREPs) and the interest in studying tobacco harm reduction, sound research and surveillance are needed to examine and understand the distribution and availability of PREPs in communities, as well as the tobacco industry's marketing practices surrounding thes…

Questionnaire design is considered in the context of a longitudinal panel study focusing on the careers of people qualifying from all four branches of the UK nurse diploma course. Separate, but comparable, questionnaires were developed for each branch in order to produce information which reflected the differences betw…

Early studies documented an inverse association between the HIV risk and duration of injection among injection drug users (IDUs). Results from subsequent studies have been inconsistent. To examine this issue, we conducted interviews with 395 street-recruited active IDUs from 38 neighborhoods in New York City during 200…

A study's results both confirm and contradict what nursing writers have indicated about the evolving first-line nurse manager role. Staff nurses were asked: What do you expect? Specific areas were examined--predominate workshift, full or part-time status, type of work unit and specific work activities.

A new program developed by Pricewaterhouse Coopers and the University of California-Los Angeles School of Public Health's Department of Health Sciences may make it possible for the first time to measure effectiveness of compliance programs in the nation's hospitals.

Hopefulness is believed to be a significant element in the human response to illness, but its clinical impact has not been documented due to conceptual and operational difficulties. This article generates a definition of hopefulness from well and ill adolescents. The study's conceptual orientation included the beliefs…

Chronic diseases have been the focus of qualitative researchers. However, few studies have explained in depth the methodological options choOsed in the studies and their reasons. This paper presents some reflections on the methodological strategies and procedures used in a multisite, qualitative study whose focus are t…

A randomised controlled study of nurse-led shared care of patients awaiting coronary artery bypass surgery led to significant improvements in patients' care management. Here, we summarise the study's findings.

Nineteen years ago Douglas (1976), a sociologist, vigorously recommended team field research. As Douglas noted, most ethnography is carried out using the "Lone Ranger" approach, which--while producing a number of excellent studies--generally limits the researcher to small groups or parts of large groups. In the few cas…

The hypothesis that adolescents start smoking because they perceive it as a strategy to control their weight was examined. At the same time, we controlled for sociodemographic, individual, and parental factors. Longitudinal data were collected among 428 Dutch families (mother, father, and two siblings between 13 and 16…

This study's aim was to build a web service that automatically collects and tests hypotheses for possible allergy risks. We crowdsourced for unknown allergy risks, and obtained odds ratios. By using the collected hypotheses, we built a web service that estimates allergy risks from a questionnaire (consisting of 10 ques…

Beyond calling attention to Lee, Cho, Seo, Lee, and Choi's (2014) worthy construct validation regimen, the purpose of this brief note is to extend the study's effect by interpreting the broader than usual empirical and theoretical connections in a way that may not be obvious.

This study investigated the possibility of making compliance data from the public and private sectors more amenable for multiple uses, by studying data from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inspections during 1979-1989. The potential association of five variables with mean and upper-end (in upper qu…