44,655 papers found

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of T-tube free (TTF) versus T-tube drainage (TTD) after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). BACKGROUND: LCBDE has been proven to be an effective and preferred treatment approach for uncomplicated choledocholithiasis, and the appropriateness o…

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Corticosteroids and 5-aminosalicylates are the most commonly used therapies. However, many patients require immunosuppressive therapy when their disease becomes steroid-refractory or dependent. Methotrexate is a medication that is effective for tre…

Insulin resistance may contribute to cognitive vulnerability before persistent hyperglycemia becomes apparent; however, its clinical relevance as a predictor of cognitive change or therapeutic target remains uncertain. This systematic review with narrative synthesis evaluated the effects of metabolically targeted inter…

TOPIC: Postoperative inflammation after phacoemulsification is routinely managed with topical corticosteroids, while periocular administration may provide a sustained anti-inflammatory effect. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) remains a leading cause of suboptimal visual recovery after cata…

BACKGROUND: Cannabis use disorder (CUD) imposes a significant global health burden, yet comparative evidence for the diverse range of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) remains fragmented. Existing reviews often combine diverse NPIs into broad categories, overlooking the specific contributions of neurobiological…

A COMMENTARY ON: Alhumoud T, Zankawi A, Li KY, Yu O, Pow E, Lam W. Performance of smartphone cameras for measuring and analyzing dental shade: A systematic review. J Dent. 2026; 166:106506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106506 . DESIGN: A systematic review evaluating the performance of digital single-lens refle…

BACKGROUND: Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is a neurological emergency that requires prompt and appropriate antibiotics and corticosteroids. Previously fluid restriction was recommended in the treatment of ABM in view of studies reporting hyponatremia which was due to elevated antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels. AIMS…

BACKGROUND: Improved survival after childhood and adolescent cancer has led to a growing population of long-term survivors, yet the burden of late respiratory complications remains poorly quantified. In this study, the prevalence of respiratory complications in long-term survivors was quantified, and associated risk fa…

AIMS: The escalating global prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity constitutes a pressing public health issue. This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic interventions as adjuncts to lifestyle therapy in this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomized…

Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for stroke. However, whether different classes of antihypertensive drugs provide equal protection against stroke remains controversial. This review aimed to systematically compare the effects of various antihypertensive drug classes on stroke prevention through a c…

BACKGROUND: Male sexual dysfunction, with specific reference to erectile malfunction and premature ejaculation, interferes with both physical and social health of individuals. Erectile dysfunction is seen as the inability to obtain a construction that is rigid enough for successful sexual intercourse, while premature e…

Necrotizing (abscessing) lymphadenopathy is a clinically relevant condition with a broad differential diagnosis, including acute bacterial infections, mycobacterial disease, zoonoses, fungal and parasitic infections, autoimmune disorders, and malignancies with central necrosis. Early and reliable differentiation betwee…

CONTEXT: Nicotine has been investigated in prior studies for its analgesic effects and its impact on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), yet results have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review and narrative synthesis evaluates the effects of perioperative nicotine administration on postoperative p…

TOPIC: Ocular comorbidities of psoriasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Ocular comorbidities of psoriasis have been raised with growing evidence. Certain eye diseases require prompt diagnosis and appropriate interventio…

BACKGROUND: Brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) are rare yet high-risk vascular lesions with a complex clinical course due to their eloquent location. Optimal treatment remains a topic of debate. This review aims to evaluate the outcomes of different management strategies for BSCMs, with a focus on rebleeding, fu…

Antithrombotic therapy is commonly prescribed for the prevention and management of thromboembolic diseases but poses significant challenges in the perioperative setting of gastrointestinal (GI) surgery due to the competing risks of bleeding and thrombosis. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes asso…

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke aphasia (PSA) is a prevalent and debilitating consequence of stroke, significantly impairing communication abilities and reducing patients' quality of life. While speech and language therapy represents standard care, many patients experience incomplete recovery. Acupuncture, a key component of t…

AIM: To investigate the effect of system-level interventions designed to enhance outcomes for cardiac arrest patients. METHOD: We searched PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases to identify publication from July 2020 to December 2024. Two independent reviewers p…

BACKGROUND: Low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) have been associated with inflammation while there is still conflicting evidence regarding the effects of this type of diet on inflammatory markers and the clinical benefit of them remains uncertain. So, we aimed to ascertain the effects of LCDs on serum concentrations of tumor…