5,085,625 papers found

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical, methodological and reporting aspects of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in order to determine the efficacy of therapeutic patient education (TPE). METHODS: A thorough search of the medical and nursing literature recorded in MedLine database from 1999 to August 2009 was conduct…

A review of the scientific evidence available on the validity of existing sample collection methods for urine culture and analysis in childhood is presented. Few studies evaluating diagnostic tests have analyzed the various available techniques with respect to valid patterns of reference. Except for clean catch midstre…

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia commonly occurs in critically ill patients, even in the absence of diabetes mellitus, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in such patients. METHODS: Medline search using the terms intravenous insulin, intensive care, myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery and stroke…

The quality of healthcare, particularly as reflected in current practice versus the available evidence, has become a major focus of national health policy discussions. Key components needed to provide quality care include: 1) development of quality indicators and performance measures from specific practice guidelines,…

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is safe and effective for small adrenal tumors, but its role for large adrenal tumors and the influence of tumor size on the outcome of laparoscopic adrenalectomy have been questioned. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients with unilateral adrenal tumors operated on between Ja…

Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori, a considerable amount of progress has been made in our understanding of H. pylori-related conditions. However, considerable confusion exists in relation to the optimal application of these findings to clinical practice, particularly at a primary care setting. In the USA the N…

The relationship between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has long been of interest to the practicing orthodontist, but only during the last decade or so have a significant number of methodologically-sound clinical studies been conducted that have investigated this association. The aim of thi…

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive and irreversible degenerative disease of the retina. Slowing progression to late AMD is the only way to prevent vision loss. Given that AMD treatments are noncurative, understanding the personal characteristics associated with progression is of critical importance…

BACKGROUND: It is now widely recognised that in addition to providing robust evidence about intervention effectiveness, systematic reviews need to provide decision-makers with information about critical intervention, contextual and implementation features that support successful outcomes. Our 2015 paper introduced Inte…

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an overview of systematic reviews that explore the effectiveness of interventions to enhance medical student well-being. DESIGN: Overview of systematic reviews. DATA SOURCES: The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, APA PsychInfo, CINAHL and Scopus were searched from database incepti…

PURPOSE: To summarize the evidence of efficacy and safety of the use of ketamine and esketamine for depression. METHODS: A literature search was performed in Medline, the Cochrane Library, LILACS, and CRD until November 2020. We included systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials on the use…

BACKGROUND: Physical activity and weight loss have been shown to reduce breast cancer incidence in numerous observational studies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of both physical activity and weight loss on breast cancer incidence. Specifically, we aimed to complete subgroup analyses by the inte…

BACKGROUND: Nine core domains for tendinopathy have been identified. For Achilles tendinopathy there is large variation in outcome measures used, and how these fit into the core domains has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: To identify all available outcome measures outcome measures used to assess the clinical phenoty…

OBJECTIVE: To summarize evidence from the literature on genetic and non-genetic risk factors associated with pre-eclampsia (PE), assess the presence of statistical bias in the studies and identify risk factors for which there is robust evidence supporting their association with PE. METHODS: PubMed and ISI Web of Scien…

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive retinal disease and a major cause of visual impairment in older adults. Non-neovascular AMD (non-nAMD), the more common phenotype, can substantially impair vision-related quality of life (QoL) even when visual acuity remains relatively preserved. The 25-item Natio…

PURPOSE: To summarize the available evidence and answer the following question: What is the current knowledge on the performance of blood concentrates in handling sequelae after lower third molar extractions with the evidence available in systematic reviews? METHODS: An electronic search was conducted across nine data…

Thyroid cancer management is rapidly changing. The identification of actionable biomarkers through both germline and somatic testing are now an integral part of directing patient management. However, deficiencies and disparities within existing thyroid cancer biomarker test approaches are resulting in inconsistent appl…

IMPORTANCE: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a common medical intervention to treat anemia in very preterm neonates; however, best transfusion practices, such as thresholds, remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To develop recommendations for clinicians on the use of RBC transfusions in very preterm neonates. EVIDENCE REVI…

BACKGROUND: Environmental noise is becoming increasingly recognized as an urgent public health problem, but the quality of current studies needs to be assessed. To evaluate the significance, validity and potential biases of the associations between environmental noise exposure and health outcomes. METHODS: We conducte…

AIM: The provisions of the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for disability-inclusive education have stimulated a growing interest in ascertaining the prevalence of children with developmental disabilities globally. We aimed to systematically summarize the prevalence estimates of developmental disabi…