44,776 papers found

BACKGROUND: ADHD (Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests itself during childhood with various combinations of symptoms, including inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Research has shown that psychiatric comorbidities play an important role in the developm…

We aimed to assess male circumcision for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in heterosexual and homosexual men using all available data. A systematic literature review was conducted searching for studies that assessed male circumcision as a method to prevent HIV acquisition in homosexual a…

The aim of this study is to discuss the state of the art with regard to established or promising bioelectric therapies meant to alter or control neurologic function. We present recent reports on bioelectric technologies that interface with the nervous system at three potential sites-(1) the end organ, (2) the periphera…

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Here we review the current state of multicenter radiology research (MRR), and utilize a survey of experienced researchers to identify common advantages, barriers, and resources to guide future investigators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Association of University Radiologists established a Radio…

The aim of this systematic review is to assess whether metformin could change the concentration of serum homocysteine (Hcy) with and without simultaneous supplementation of B-group vitamins or folic acid. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) t…

BACKGROUND: Both kyphoplasty (KP) and vertebroplasty (VP) are effective for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF), but which approach might be more effective remains unclear, so we decided to update earlier systematic reviews. OBJECTIVE: Review and analyze studies published as of August 2015…

PURPOSE: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a common retina disease and has a relative high recurrence rate, etiology, and pathogenesis of which remains ambiguous. The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to measure risk factors for CSC in a quantitative method, providing some precautions and interventions…

BACKGROUND: Laying open (deroofing, not excision) and curettage of the sinus is a minimally invasive procedure to treat pilonidal disease. A consensus on its efficacy and outcomes has not been reached. We reviewed and meta-analysed the efficacy of this procedure. METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Ovid, Cochrane centra…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of progesterone administrated in patients with acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Clinicaltrials.gov, ISRCTN registry and WHO International…

AIM: To critically evaluate the available evidence related to the impact of using a birth ball on labor pain relief. METHODS: The Cochrane library, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus were searched from their inception to January 2015 using keywords: (Birth* OR Swiss OR…

PURPOSE: This systematic review aimed to identify different prosthodontic outcomes between screw- and cement-retained implant prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The relevant articles were retrieved from the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed (using medical subject headings), and the Cochrane Centr…

The aim was to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in pediatric urolithiasis. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials (CENTRAL) were searched, and the stone-free ra…

BACKGROUND: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality especially in the developing world. Misoprostol, a highly effective drug is highly effective in inducing uterine contractions and has been proposed as a low-cost, easy-to-use intervention for PPH. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed evidence…

BACKGROUND: This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 4, 2001 and previously updated in 2003.Tonsillectomy is a commonly performed surgical procedure. There are several operative methods currently in use, but the superiority of one over another has not been clearly demonstr…

OBJECTIVE: To review the efficacy and safety of psychostimulants for negative behavioral symptoms (ie, apathy, excessive daytime sedation) and cognition in patients with dementia. DATA SOURCES: Literature was accessed through PubMed and MEDLINE (1966-June 2010), using the terms stimulant, psychostimulant, methylphenid…

BACKGROUND: Ménière's disease is characterised by three major symptoms: vertigo, deafness, and tinnitus or aural fullness, all of which are discontinuous and variable in intensity. A number of surgical modalities, of varying levels of invasiveness, have been developed to reduce the symptoms of Méniè…

Choosing between single-agent and combined therapies for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) remains a frequent clinical challenge, particularly when comparing topical options against autologous treatments. This study compares how 5% topical minoxidil and autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) perform against each other alone a…

This systematic review aimed to evaluate and compare the short- and long-term outcomes of different treatment strategies for patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma presenting with synchronous liver metastases. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled…

INTRODUCTION: Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) and Targeted Muscle Reinnervation (TMR) have demonstrated superior outcomes compared to classical amputation in prophylactic prevention of pain, primarily by reducing the incidence of symptomatic neuromas, residual limb pain, and phantom limb pain. However, d…

BACKGROUND: Innate immune dysfunction is implicated in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Alterations in natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes and macrophages occur in both disorders across peripheral and central compartments. This systematic review synthesises current evidence by clinical stage and illness p…