5,010,811 papers found

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic validity of exercise interventions included in a previous umbrella systematic review of high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the management of fibromyalgia and to explore whether exercise interventions with high therapeutic validity and that meet t…

While there have been significant advances in the medical treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), life expectancy, and quality of life remain reduced in this disease. Strenuous exercise may be hazardous for PAH patients; however, several relatively small trials have confirmed that exercise training programs…

OBJECTIVES: To apply component network meta-analysis (CNMA) models to an existing Cochrane review of psychological preparation interventions for adults undergoing surgery and to extend the models to account for covariates to identify the most effective components for improving postoperative outcomes. STUDY DESIGN AND…

BACKGROUND: Overviews of systematic reviews are an increasingly popular method of evidence synthesis; there is a lack of clear guidance for completing overviews and a number of methodological challenges. At the UK Cochrane Symposium 2016, methodological challenges of five overviews were explored. Using data from these…

BACKGROUND: Progestogens have been evaluated in numerous trials and meta-analyses, many of which concluded they were effective. However, two large trials PROMISE and OPPTIMUM have recently concluded that progesterone was ineffective. This raises the possibility that earlier studies and reviews had been biased by either…

Despite improvements in the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), morbidity and mortality are still high, especially in patients with more severe disease. Early and appropriate antibiotics remain the cornerstone in the treatment of CAP. However, two aspects seem to contribute to a worse outcome: an uncontro…

In 2000, a French consensus conference proposed guidelines for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Since then, new drugs have been concocted, new studies have been published and clinicians have become aware of some drug-induced adverse effects that were little known in the past. This has led us to reconsider the…

In view of the conflicting data regarding the efficacy of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist/letrozole (A/L) protocol for treating poor responders undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI), this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness…

The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) Project Committee on the Relevance and Follow-up of Positive Results in In Vitro Genetic Toxicity (IVGT) Testing established an Emerging Technologies and New Strategies Workgroup to review the current State of the Art in…

OBJECTIVES: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are integral to evidence-based clinical decision making. Although flawed systematic reviews could compromise optimal decision making, their accuracy has received limited investigation. We assessed conduct of systematic reviews of pharmaceutical interventions for irritabl…

BACKGROUND: Lack of breast feeding has been reported to be associated with a number of chronic childhood disorders. AIM: To use a recently described measure, the population impact number of eliminating a risk factor over a time period (PIN-ER-t), to quantify the burden of low rates of breast feeding in a UK population…

OBJECTIVE: To appraise multiple systematic reviews on the same clinical topic, focusing on predictors and correlates of quality of reporting of meta-analysis (QUOROM) scores. DESIGN: Case study. SETTING: Reviews providing at least individual quantitative estimates on role of acetylcysteine in the prevention of contra…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Divergent results on the same scientific question generate controversy. We hypothesized that controversial data are attractive to investigators and editors, and thus the most extreme, opposite results would appear very early rather than late, as data accumulate, provided data can be generated…

BACKGROUND: Adherence to physiotherapeutic treatment and recommendations is crucial to achieving planned goals and desired health outcomes. This overview of systematic reviews synthesises the wide range of additional interventions and behaviour change techniques used in physiotherapy, exercise therapy and physical…

BACKGROUND: Multimorbidity poses an immense burden on the healthcare systems globally, whereas the management strategies and guidelines for multimorbidity are poorly established. We aim to synthesize current evidence on interventions and management of multimorbidity. METHODS: We searched four electronic databases (Pub…

OBJECTIVE: To provide theoretical support for clinical diagnosis of lung cancer through an overview of systematic reviews (SRs) of the diagnostic value of miRNA. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to collect SRs of the diagnostic value of microRNA for lung cancer until April 2021. A comprehe…

BACKGROUND: To explore effectiveness and acceptability of non-pharmacological interventions in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: Overview of systematic reviews and network meta-analysis were conducted. Systematic reviews (SRs) were searched via seven databases from June 2015 to June 2020. Randomized controlled…

OBJECTIVE: To answer the question: What do we know so far about the clinical performance of short implants (≤ 7 mm) when compared to standard length implants in vertically augmented bone, as well as which is the overall confidence of the systematic reviews (SRs) about this topic? MATERIALS AND METHO…

BACKGROUND: A crucial element in the systematic review (SR) methodology is the appraisal of included primary studies, using tools for assessment of methodological quality or risk of bias (RoB). SR authors can conduct sensitivity analyses to explore whether their results are sensitive to exclusion of low quality studies…

OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to systematically assess and report the methodological quality used in epidemiological systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analysis (MA) of pathogen genotypes/genogroups. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Nine electronic databases and manual search of reference lists were used to identify relevant st…