5,010,811 papers found

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Overall, the prognosis for patients with this disease is poor, with a median survival of <2 years. There is a slight predominance in males, and incidence increases with age. The standard approach to therapy in the newly diagnosed setting includes surgery fo…

BACKGROUND: Sertoli cell tumors (SCTs) of the testes are rare, and the literature provides only weak evidence concerning their clinical course and management. The objective of this study was to summarize evidence on SCTs' clinical presentation, clinicopathological risk factors for malignancy, treatment options, and onc…

The 2019 International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) Position Development Conference Task Force for monitoring with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) identified detection of atypical femur fractures (AFFs) as an important topic and established this working group to answer key questions in this area. The…

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this overview was to systematically identify and synthesize existing evidence from systematic reviews on the impact of prehospital physician involvement. METHODS: The Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched from 1 January 2000 to 17 November 2017. We included systematic reviews compa…

The diagnosis of asthma is currently based on clinical history, physical examination and lung function, and to date, there are no accurate objective tests either to confirm the diagnosis or to discriminate between different types of asthma. This consensus exercise reviews the state of the art in asthma diagnosis to ide…

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate how often reproducible research practices, which allow others to recreate the findings of studies, given the original data, are used in systematic reviews (SRs) of biomedical research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We evaluated a random sample of SRs indexed in MEDLINE during February 2014, which f…

OBJECTIVE: During OMERACT 12, a workshop was held with the aim to endorse a core set of domains for 3 settings: clinical trials of symptom and structure modification and observational studies. Additional goals were to endorse a core set of contextual factors for these settings, and to define preliminary instruments for…

Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a decline in cognitive function from pre-operative levels, which has been frequently described after cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to examine the variability in the measurement and definitions for POCD using the framework of a 1995 Consensus Statement on m…

BACKGROUND: There are pitfalls associated with applying a biomedical model with its emphasis on experimental designs to the evaluation of workplace injury interventions. OBJECTIVES: Evaluation over enough time is essential in occupational safety when interventions are expected to have a latent effect as well as to ass…

OBJECTIVES: To compare the relative efficacy of analgesics after third molar extraction from systematic reviews of randomised, double blind studies. DATA SOURCES: Dental trials from systematic reviews of randomised, double-blind studies of analgesics in acute pain. DATA SELECTION: Number of patients with moderate or…

The co-existence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute heart failure (AHF) is frequently reported and can exacerbate either or both of them. Their combination leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Although there has been a lack of studies on the prevalence and significance, as well as the treatment, of AF in pati…

Almost every aspect of myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy) and chronic fatigue syndrome is the subject of disagreement and uncertainty -- something that has undoubtedly hampered recognition, understanding and research. Although the pathogenesis remains the subject of intense medical debate, a number of predis…

The vasculitides commonly create diagnostic and management problems, and a biopsy diagnosis of vasculitis usually does not stand alone in the proper medical management of a patient. Indeed, a conclusive diagnosis usually cannot be made without correlation with the patient's clinical history, physical findings, and/or a…

Clinicians must not simply decide that a patient with symptoms and a positive diagnostic test has a reason for a specific treatment, and likewise clinicians must not decide that a patient with symptoms and a negative test does not have a clinically important problem. We must also consider the sensitivity, specificity a…

The 1991 Consensus Development Panel was instrumental both in establishing criteria for selection of patients for surgical treatment and in recognition of operations that have been shown to be safe and reasonably effective in the long term. The Panel may have been premature in endorsement of any form of banded gastropl…

OBJECTIVE: Examine potentially modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for female/woman/girl athletes' lower-extremity injuries. DESIGN: Systematic review with meta- or semiquantitative analyses and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane System…