5,011,498 papers found

INTRODUCTION: Diarrhoea is a common adverse effect induced by chemotherapy that can reduce the dose of chemotherapeutic drugs or interrupt the chemotherapy schedule. The current treatment strategies have various limitations. It has been shown that long-acting release octreotide (octreotide LAR) can decrease the occurre…

INTRODUCTION: Mechanical ventilation is a commonly performed intervention in critically ill patients. Frequently, these patients experience deep sedation early in their clinical course. Emerging data suggest that the practice of early deep sedation may negatively impact patient outcomes. The purpose of this review is t…

Systematic reviews based on single-case experimental designs (SCED) are increasingly common in the scientific literature. However, researchers reviewing SCED research may employ varying approaches and strategies, not all of which correspond with recognized standards of review quality, including those specific to SCED.…

ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: Wang Y, Chen CY, Stathopoulou PG, Graham LK, Korostoff J, Chen YW. Efficacy of Antibiotics Used as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Peri-implant Mucositis and Peri-implantitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2022 Mar-Apr;37(2):235-249. d…

: This analysis discusses common problems with systematic reviews (SRs) and presents a novel solution, the structured critical analysis (SCA) that can be incorporated into a SR or used as an alternative literature review design.: A cross-sectional survey of current SRs related to interdisciplinary restorative dentistry…

The "Cochrane Corner" is a section in the journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, with invited commentary to aid clinical decision making. This installment features a Cochrane review, "Amplification with Hearing Aids for Patients with Tinnitus and Co-existing Hearing…

Evidence synthesis is the concern of this column. Both quantitative and qualitative evidence synthesis are considered using the Cochrane and Joanna Briggs Institute protocols as a means of explanation. Finally, issues related to qualitative synthesis are entertained.

BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines (CGs) standardize care through evidence-based recommendations, while clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can assist in applying these guidelines to individual patients. The scientific basis for the decisions offered by decision support systems is often not explicitly stated or not c…

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder diagnosed by motor symptoms of bradykinesia, in combination with tremor, rigidity, or postural instability. Many studies document the effects of exercise-based interventions, but the benefit of different exercise types remains unclear. OB…

AIMS: Standard outcome sets enable the value-based evaluation of health care delivery. Whereas the attainment of expert opinion has been structured using methods such as the modified-Delphi process, standardized guidelines for extraction of candidate outcomes from literature are lacking. As such, we aimed to describe a…

Engaging knowledge users (KUs) as research team members throughout the research process helps generate relevant knowledge and may improve uptake of research results. The purpose of this article is to describe how an integrated knowledge translation (iKT) approach was embedded within a master's thesis project comprising…

In 2019, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) "Preamble to the IARC Monographs" expanded guidance regarding the scientific approaches that should be employed in its monographs. These amendments to the monograph development process are an improvement but still fall short in several areas. While the rev…

INTRODUCTION: Due to the many advantages of open source software (OSS), including reduced cost of licensing, more flexibility in terms of customisation and redistribution, better quality and no vendor lock-in, OSS in healthcare is increasingly gaining importance. Various open source health information technologies (OS-…

BACKGROUND: Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) belong to endocannabinoid family, a group of fatty acid amides. PEA has been proven to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in several controlled studies focused on the management of chronic pain among adult patients with different underlying clinical c…

BACKGROUND: Complex or heterogeneous data pose challenges for systematic review and meta-analysis. In recent years, a number of new methods have been developed to meet these challenges. This qualitative interview study aimed to understand researchers' understanding of complexity and heterogeneity and the factors which…

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is considered one of the greatest public health challenges worldwide, with the ischemic subtype being the most prevalent. Various acute stroke clinical guidelines recommend early rehabilitation interventions, including very early mobilization. However, despite the studies conducted in recent years…

BACKGROUND: Medical imaging-based body composition analysis (BCA) has shown promise in offering detailed, noninvasive assessments of fat, muscle, and bone, but challenges persist in establishing consistent comparative standards. Current studies reveal significant variability in methodologies, which limits comparability…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Prostate cancer is a major public health concern and a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among men worldwide, with disproportionately high mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa. Late diagnosis, limited access to screening services, low health-seeking behaviour, and sociocult…

BACKGROUND: Despite the many health benefits, global levels of physical activity remain insufficient. Traditional approaches to promoting physical activity have shown limited success, indicating the need for innovative strategies. Human-centred design thinking (HCDT) is a creative problem-solving and solution generatio…