5,042,454 papers found

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review and literature review. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to provide an update on The Cochrane Back and Neck (CBN) activities. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Low back pain (LBP) affects 80% of people at some time in their lives. CBN Group has been housed in Toronto at the Institute f…

INTRODUCTION: Cochrane Collaboration (CC) contains detailed, critical and up-to-date systematic reviews (SR) of the best scientific evidence available. AIM: To analyse the bibliometric characteristics of the SR related to paediatric neurology published in the 50 Collaborative Review Groups (CRG) of the CC. MATERIALS…

BACKGROUND: Since the early 1970s, the efficacy of acupuncture for treating clinical conditions has been evaluated in several hundred randomized trials. Results from these trials have been synthesized in systematic reviews. A well-designed systematic review provides the highest level of evidence for establishing the ef…

BACKGROUND: Peer-assisted learning (PAL) has been widely implemented for many years worldwide. To further enhance the understanding of available data, a scoping review of systematic reviews was conducted to synthesize existing evidence on the effectiveness of PAL in health professional education, aiming to provide more…

The objective of this umbrella review was to investigate comprehensive and synthesized evidence of the association between ambient air pollution and obesity based on the current systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Related studies from databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, publi…

BACKGROUND: Critical illness significantly impacts the well-being of patients and families. Previous studies show that family members are willing to participate in patient care. Involving families in early mobility interventions may contribute to improved recovery and positive outcomes for patients and families. AIM:…

BACKGROUND: To review the validated instruments that assess gait, balance, and functional mobility to predict falls in older adults across different settings. METHODS: Umbrella review of narrative- and systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses of all study types. Reviews that focused on older adults in any sett…

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate the methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in Radiation Oncology. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted for all eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses in Radiation Oncology from 1966 to 2015. Methodological characteris…

Isothiocyanates, bioactive phytochemicals of cruciferous vegetables, have chemopreventative efficacy. To clarify evidence of associations between cruciferous vegetable and isothiocyanate intake and various health outcomes, we conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews in humans. A total of 413…

BACKGROUND: Tackling problematic polypharmacy requires tailoring the use of medicines to individual needs and circumstances. This may involve stopping medicines (deprescribing) but patients and clinicians report uncertainty on how best to do this. The TAILOR medication synthesis sought to help understand how best to su…

OBJECTIVES: Over the last two decades, the number of scoping reviews in core medical education journals has increased by 4200%. Despite this growth, research on scoping reviews provides limited information about their nature, including how they are conducted or why medical educators undertake this knowledge synthesis t…

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews are important for decision makers. They offer many potential benefits but are often written in technical language, are too long, and do not contain contextual details which make them hard to use for decision-making. There are many organizations that develop and disseminate derivative prod…

BACKGROUND: There is evidence of under-detection and poor management of pain in patients with dementia, in both long-term and acute care. Accurate assessment of pain in people with dementia is challenging and pain assessment tools have received considerable attention over the years, with an increasing number of tools m…

OBJECTIVE: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed nonarticular soft tissue conditions in all fields of musculoskeletal medicine, including chiropractic. The purpose of this study was to perform a comprehensive review of the literature for the most commonly used treatment procedures in chiropr…

BACKGROUND: In the past 3 months, OpenAI, a San Francisco-based artificial intelligence (AI) research laboratory, has released ChatGPT, a conversation large language model. ChatGPT has the ability to answer user questions, admit to mistakes, and learn from users that are accessing the program. OBJECTIVES: Due to the i…

The use of systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies has become more common, including those of studies describing the modeling of cerebrovascular diseases. Empirical evidence suggests that too many preclinical experiments lack methodological rigor, and this leads to inflated treatment effects. The aim…

BACKGROUND: Evidence mapping is an increasingly popular approach to systematically evaluate published research. While there are methodological standards for systematic reviews, discrepancies exist between the terminology and methods used within evidence mapping. AIM: The aim of this systematic review is to describe th…

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal injuries can cause distress, and distress is associated with delayed recovery. Numerous interventions have been developed to facilitate recovery from injury, and several systematic reviews evaluate the efficacy of these interventions for reducing psychological distress. OBJECTIVES: This sco…

BACKGROUND: Selective mutism (SM) is a childhood onset anxiety disorder, and the main symptom is not speaking in certain social situations. Knowledge about the duration and long-term outcomes of SM have been lacking and the aim of this systematic literature review was to address this gap in the literature. We investiga…

BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants has been linked to congenital heart defects (CHD), but findings of existing systematic reviews have been mixed. OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiological evidence on associations between prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants and CHD subtypes, based on a syst…