5,011,498 papers found

AIM: To identify which interventions are supported by evidence and the quality of that evidence in very young children with or at high likelihood for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to improve child outcomes. METHOD: We conducted an overview of reviews to synthesize early intervention literature for very young children…

OBJECTIVE: Numerous meta-analyses have revealed the association between gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and a range of diseases; however, the certainty of the evidence remains unclear. This study aimed to summarise and assess the certainty of evidence derived from meta-analyses. METHODS: Embase, PubMed, Web o…

BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiency affects the health and development of vulnerable population such as children and pregnant women. Measures such as fortification of food and supplementation have been implemented to prevent or control deficiencies related to micronutrients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of vitamin…

BACKGROUND: First responders are a high-risk population for occupational stress injuries as they often encounter prolonged stress within their line of work. The aim of this rapid overview of reviews is to summarize existing evidence on interventions for the prevention and management of occupational stress injury (OSI)…

OBJECTIVES: Current service organization is not adapted for youth with or at risk of mental illness. Access, engagement and continuity of care are notorious challenges, particularly during transition from adolescence to adulthood, when youths are transferred to adult services. An HTA was initiated to evaluate the effic…

Enhanced recovery after surgery is well established in specialties such as colorectal surgery. It is achieved through the introduction of multiple evidence-based perioperative measures that aim to diminish postoperative organ dysfunction while facilitating recovery. This review aims to present consensus recommendations…

OBJECTIVES: To survey the current methods used to ascertain dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in longitudinal cohort studies, to categorize differences in approaches and to identify key components of expert panel methodology in current use. METHODS: We searched PubMed for the past 10 years, from March…

BACKGROUND: Consensus on what constitutes a quality colonoscopy report for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is lacking. We developed a template for quality colonoscopy reporting that can be used broadly by endoscopists. METHODS: After a literature review of topics relevant to colonoscopy reporting, membe…

In the peripheral arteries, a thrombus superimposed on atherosclerosis contributes to the progression of peripheral artery disease (PAD), producing intermittent claudication (IC), ischemic necrosis, and, potentially, loss of the limb. PAD with IC is often undiagnosed and, in turn, undertreated. The low percentage of di…

CONTEXT: Post cardiac surgery acute kidney injury (AKI) is common, poorly understood and associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: An overview of systematic reviews that have evaluated pharmacological agents for the prevention of AKI post cardiac surgery. DATA SOURCES: We searched…

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this article is to describe the modern management of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH causes an inflammatory reaction to blood products in the basal cisterns of the brain, which may produce cerebral ischemia and strokes thro…

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a distinct subgroup of NSCLCs that is particularly responsive to EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs). A weighted pooled analysis of available studies was performed to evaluate clinical outcome in patients with EGFR-mu…

The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach has emerged as an extremely common method for rating quality of a body of evidence in systematic reviews and for converting this evidence into guidelines. The American College of Rheumatology has effectively adopted this method, with…

The symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause are considered as typical for late menopausal period. However, these symptoms are increasingly diagnosed in perimenopausal and early menopausal period. Women seldom seek medical care, since autonomic menopausal symptoms are usually more bothersome. In many cases, doct…

In the annual meeting of the Japan Gastroenterological Association (JGA), the scientific organizing committee selected the serial topics for the core symposium. One of the core symposia held during 2015-2017 was entitled "New medical approach to functional dyspepsia (FD)." In 2015, the subtitle of this symposium was "H…

: Consensus statements regarding the evidence-base for lumbar total disc replacement, as it pertains to payer decision-making, were developed through a modified-Delphi technique involving 17 spine surgeons and a former payer medical director. The Delphi process involved one round of anonymous survey and one round with…

There are two important recent changes in sepsis care. The first key change is the 2016 Sepsis-3 definitions from the recent consensus workgroup with new sepsis and septic shock definitions. Useful tools for assessing patients that have a greater risk of mortality include Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) in i…

The Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) is a 10 scale indirect screening instrument used to detect substance use disorders. The current meta-analytic study described reliability reporting practices across 48 studies involving the SASSI. Reliability generalization methods were then employed to evaluate ty…

Breast cancer treatment has evolved greatly within the last 25 years. Tamoxifen was first introduced for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in the 1970s and later became accepted as standard adjuvant therapy. The emergence of tamoxifen as first-line hormonal therapy for metastatic disease and in the adjuvant set…