5,087,246 papers found

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of exercise on general cognition, memory and executive function across all populations and ages. METHODS: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs evaluating the effects of exercise on general cognition, memory and exec…

PURPOSE: Pituitary surgery is the mainstay treatment for most pituitary adenomas, but many questions remain about perioperative and long-term management and outcomes. This study aimed to identify the most pressing research priorities in pituitary surgery with input from patients, caregivers, and healthcare profess…

This is an abridged edition of English version of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis 2024. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease characterized by relapsing eczema with pruritus as a primary lesion. A crucial aspect of AD treatment is the prompt induction of remission via the suppress…

Providing the summary effect size and its uncertainty, a prediction interval, and a measure of statistical heterogeneity constitute good reporting practices in meta-analyses. Popular statistical heterogeneity measures comprise theandstatistics. However, researchers often rely unduly on thestatistic, using naive categor…

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of microsurgery versus complex physical decongestive therapy in people with chronic breast cancer-related lymphoedema.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia refers to the progressive age- or pathology-associated loss of skeletal muscle. When measured radiologically as reduced muscle mass, sarcopenia has been shown to independently predict morbidity and mortality after elective abdominal surgery. However, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Ol…

INTRODUCTION: Currently, no evidence exists on specific treatments for post COVID-19 condition (PCC). However, rehabilitation interventions that are effective for similar symptoms in other health conditions could be applied to people with PCC. With this overview of systematic reviews with mapping, we aimed to describe…

Excluding oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) from the diet is increasingly being used to treat children with gastrointestinal complaints. The aim of this position paper is to review the available evidence on the safety and efficacy of its use in children and provide expert guidance regarding practical a…

Introduction: the ESPEN guideline offers a multidisciplinary focus on clinical nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methodology: the guideline is based on a extensive systematic review of the literature, but relies on expert opinion when objective data are lacking or inconclusive. The conclusions and 64 recom…

PURPOSE: The purpose of this guideline is to present evidence-based consensus recommendations for low dose rate (LDR) permanent seed brachytherapy for the primary treatment of prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The American Brachytherapy Society convened a task force for addressing key questions concerning ultras…

INTRODUCTION: Phosphodiesterase-type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are the recommended first-line treatment for erectile dysfunction. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that they are a safe and effective option in many patient groups. Similarly, PDE5i may be effective as part of combination therapy in non-res…

INTRODUCTION:  Improvements in care of patients with esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) have shifted the focus from mortality to morbidity and quality-of-life. Long-term follow-up is essential, but evidence is limited and standardized protocols are scarce. Nineteen representatives of the…

This position development conference (PDC) Task Force examined the assessment of bone status in orthopedic surgery patients. Key questions included which orthopedic surgery patients should be evaluated for poor bone health prior to surgery and which subsets of patients are at high risk for poor bone health and adverse…

OBJECTIVES: To describe how systematic review authors report and address categories of participants with potential missing outcome data of trial participants. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Methodological survey of systematic reviews reporting a group-level meta-analysis. RESULTS: We included a random sample of 50 Cochran…

Predicated on our improved understanding of the disease biology, we have seen remarkable advances in the management of multiple myeloma over the past few years. Recently approved drugs have radically transformed the treatment paradigm and improved survivals of myeloma patients. The progress has necessitated revision of…

INTRODUCTION: Androgens have been implicated as important for female sexual function and dysfunction. AIM: To review the role of androgens in the physiology and pathophysiology of female sexual functioning and the evidence for efficacy of androgen therapy for female sexual dysfunction (FSD). METHODS: We searched the…

OBJECTIVE: To develop guidelines for management and treatment of maladaptive aggression in youth in the areas of psychosocial interventions, medication treatments, and side-effect management. METHODS: Evidence was assembled and evaluated in a multistep process, including systematic reviews of published literature; an…

CONTEXT: Interrelated publications between 1988 and 1992 have influenced health policy and clinical practice: The Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials (ODPT), Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth (ECPC), A Guide to Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth (GECPC), and Effective Care of the Newborn Infant (ECNI).…

AIM: To present the evidence summarized in the Cochrane fluoride reviews. STUDY DESIGN: An overview of the results of selected systematic reviews. METHODS: Relevant systematic reviews published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) were identified by searching 'The Cochrane Library issue 4, 2008', usi…

BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE: The field of terminology and assessment of oral and gastrointestinal mucosal injury caused by high-dose cancer therapies in cancer patients has undergone important evolution in recent years. The advances are important for several clinical and research reasons. These reasons include improved…