44,731 papers found

PURPOSE: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional spinal deformity, and its etiology and progression mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This review aims to comprehensively explain the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies of AIS from a biomechanical perspect…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe multifactorial brain dysfunction triggered by severe infections, characterized by neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, and persistent neurocognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence indicates that phenotypic polarization of m…

There has been little progress in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders in recent decades. To date, new therapeutic agents such as small molecule drugs, cytokines, monoclonal antibodies and vaccines targeting specific antigens are still in the research and development stage and have not yet entered cl…

Despite significant advancements in surgery and biomaterials science, delayed healing and related complications remain major challenges. Emerging studies have highlighted the promising role of CD34+ cells in promoting accelerated wound healing. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of CD34+…

OBJECTIVES: Remote scarless surgeries have been developed for cosmetic reasons; literature showed that remote endoscopic surgeries were superior to conventional thyroidectomy. However, no researchers have compared the transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach and transareolar approach regarding cosmetic outcomes and…

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the Western world, with a higher prevalence among Europeans and North Americans than that in Africans, Hispanics, and Asians. Advanced AMD is categorized as atrophic (dry) or exudative (wet/neovascular age-related macular degenerat…

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) affect over 4.9 million individuals worldwide. Colonoscopy (CS) is the gold-standard technique for diagnosis. The remissive-recurrent pattern of evolution raises the need for non-invasive techniques to monitor disease activity. This review aims to present the advantages of intestinal…

OBJECTIVES: Digital games are a popular form of entertainment for youth. They are often used as a therapy for psychological problems, a mental health promotion intervention, and a preventative measure. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of mental health-related digital…

BACKGROUND: Routine preoperative assessment of the tumor marker calcitonin for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and the generally improved diagnostics with high-resolution ultrasound, elastography and Doppler function as well as functional imaging, enable the earlier detection of organ-limited, non-metastasized MTC. Ther…

Fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) is a novel technology that enables rapid high-resolution digital imaging of non-formalin-fixed tissue specimens and offers real-time positive surgical margin identification. In this systematic review, we evaluated the accuracy metrics of ex vivo FCM for intraoperative margin asses…

OBJECTIVES: To perform a comprehensive review of the literature to compare the effects of slow maxillary expansion (SME) and rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on maxillary arch width in patients with bilateral cleft palate. METHODS: The databases include Medline, PubMed, Cochrane (CENTRAL) and (CDSR), OpenGrey, and Clin…

BACKGROUND: Intraosseous dural arteriovenous fistulas (IODAVFs) are rare DAVFs that communicate with marrow. Given their infrequency, common nomenclature is nonexistent. Patients may present with benign symptoms, such as tinnitus, or venous hypertension symptoms including hemorrhage depending on the venous outflow patt…

INTRODUCTION: A large number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies on the pharmacotherapy of ADHD are available. AREAS COVERED: Based on a search in PubMed and PsycInfo (up to 15 September 2022), this review addresses to which extent this body of research is currently able to inform routine…

PURPOSE: Breatlessness flares directly impair quality of life of patients with cancer. The aim of this review was to analyse and synthesise the available information related to its terminology, definition and clinical features in patients with cancer. METHODS: Integrative systematic review according to Preferred Repor…

BACKGROUND: Whipple disease (WD) is an infection caused by, which might present in three different forms: classical, localized, and isolated in the central nervous system (CNS). METHODS: We report the result of a systematic review of the literature on WD unusually presenting with exclusively neurological symptoms, inc…

INTRODUCTION: Technological advancements have transformed nursing care, quality, and education across the globe. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the inventions and adoption of mobile technologies such as an e-health application (app) called SEHA continue to revolutionize the healthcare system in the country. PUR…

AIM: To determine the effectiveness of nurse-led discharge service for adult surgical inpatients. DESIGN: The report of this review was conducted by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement checklist. METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library…

BACKGROUND: Oral xylitol products have been labeled as a caries preventive measure; however, their use is still limited. This study aims to summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of xylitol-containing products in dental caries prevention with a focus on dental caries as the primary outcome rather than other pseudo…

AIM: A review of miRNA (microRNA) profiling studies in keratoconus. METHODS: Literature search strategy-PubMed central database, using miRNA or microRNA and keratoconus as keywords. RESULTS: Eleven experimental or clinical studies on humans regarding miRNA and keratoconus, published in English between 2009 and 2020 w…

PURPOSE: This scoping review explores how virtue and care ethics are incorporated into health professions education and how these factors may relate to the development of humanistic patient care. METHOD: Our team identified citations in the literature emphasizing virtue ethics and care ethics (in PubMed, NLM Catalog,…