5,081,923 papers found

BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants has been linked to congenital heart defects (CHD), but findings of existing systematic reviews have been mixed. OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiological evidence on associations between prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants and CHD subtypes, based on a syst…

BACKGROUND: Overviews of reviews (overviews) provide an invaluable resource for healthcare decision-making by combining large volumes of systematic review (SR) data into a single synthesis. The production of high-quality overviews hinges on the availability of practical evidence-based guidance for conduct and reporting…

OBJECTIVES: This umbrella review comprehensively appraised the evidence on the use of compomers in comparison to other dental filling materials for restorative treatment of decayed primary teeth. DATA: The literature search was conducted based on the question: "Is the use of compomers as a dental filling material more…

BACKGROUND: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients experience multiple uncomfortable symptoms, which may be alleviated using music-based intervention, a nondrug treatment. This umbrella review aims to combine the data of systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of music-based intervention in im…

Mental disorders are highly prevalent in eight South Asian countries, yet there is a gap of a synthesized overview of the prevalence of mental disorders in this region. This umbrella review aims to summarize the prevalence of mental disorders from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of South Asian studies. A systemati…

The welfare state distributes financial resources to its citizens - protecting them in times of adversity. Variations in how such social protection policies are administered have been attributed to important differences in population health. The aim of this systematic review of reviews is to update and appraise the evi…

Systematic reviews (SRs) are a structured means of knowledge synthesis used by a variety of healthcare practitioners to aid in medical decision making. The SR, if conducted rigorously, is considered to be at the top of the hierarchy for research studies. In addition to synthesizing evidence, SRs identify research prior…

At their best, systematic reviews should be the least biased summaries of the effect of healthcare interventions. However, authors can introduce both intended and unintended biases into systematic reviews. Results presented as odds ratios are often misinterpreted by readers as relative risks, meaning that the effect of…

PURPOSE: Evidence-based dentistry has progressed from case reports and series to best evidence consensus statements; to non-randomized and randomized controlled studies; to systematic reviews (SRs), which analyze individual studies; and to umbrella reviews (URs), which now evaluate SRs. The purpose of this article is t…

The impacts of climate change on mental health are starting to be recognized and may be exacerbated for populations at disproportionate risk of health impacts or inequalities, including some people living in low- and middle-income countries, children, indigenous populations, and people living in rural communities, amon…

Technology has been recently found to be an effective tool to deliver public health interventions [1]. More specifically, the effects of interventions using apps to improve health have been targeted lately [2]. The goal of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of systematic reviews to summarize the scien…

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews followed by a meta-analysis are carried out in medical research to combine the results of two or more related studies. Stroke trials have struggled to show beneficial effects and meta-analysis should be used more widely throughout the research process to either speed up the development of…

BACKGROUND: This article will systematically review the methodological characteristics and results of studies of variables and indices that predict functional decline in older hospitalized patients. METHODS: We restricted this review to original longitudinal studies of predictors of either physical functional decline…

BACKGROUND: Opioid related overdoses and overdose deaths continue to constitute an urgent public health crisis. The implementation of naloxone programs, such as 'take-home naloxone' (THN), has emerged as a key intervention in reducing opioid overdose deaths. These programs aim to train individuals at risk of witnessing…

Presented here is a system to standardize clinical studies of nutrient effects, using nutrient-specific physiological criteria. These guidelines are based mainly on analysis of the typical sigmoid curve of biological response to nutrients and are intended for design, interpretation, and pooling of studies of nutrient e…

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: While the benefits and need for integrating palliative care (PC) services into heart failure (HF) care have been well recognized, integration has been slow. Currently, only a small proportion of patients with HF utilize PC services, meaning there is a discrepancy between the knowledge about optim…

BACKGROUND: It is a contemporary and global challenge that the increasing number of older people requiring care will surpass the available caregivers. Solutions are needed to help older people maintain their health, prevent disability, and delay or avoid dependency on others. Technology can enable older people to age i…

BACKGROUND: Patient- and family-centered care interventions are increasingly being implemented in various settings for improving the quality of health care. However, the huge amounts of information coming from both primary studies and reviews on patient- and family-centered care interventions have made it difficult to…