42,479 papers found

Glioblastoma multiforme remains the primary brain tumor with the highest mortality rate, which is highly resistant to aggressive conventional therapies, owing to its capacity to evade the central nervous system's distinctive immunological barriers. Several mechanisms confer this tumor resistance, such as down-regulatio…

INTRODUCTION: Teenage pregnancy is a significant global public health challenge with far-reaching consequences for young mothers, their children, families and society at large. Yet, the evidence synthesis landscape in teenage pregnancy prevention remains fragmented, with systematic reviews typically examining specific…

BACKGROUND: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare outcomes of 0.01% atropine with orthokeratology (AOK) vs. orthokeratology (OK) alone for slowing the progression of myopia in children. METHODS: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Tri…

INTRODUCTION: MS is a disease continuum in which maladaptive inflammation and neurodegeneration co-occur from onset and evolve over time. Recent progress in the understating of MS pathobiology creates new perspectives for novel neuroprotective therapeutic strategies. AREAS COVERED: The authors briefly review the mecha…

BackgroundPersistent cortical deafness in the pediatric population is rarely reported, and there is limited information on its implications for early intervention.ObjectivesThis study aims to (1) conduct a scoping review on pediatric cortical deafness and (2) present a case report of a 7-year-old girl with left unilate…

AIMS: Tooth agenesis (TA) is common in Down syndrome (DS). It is unknown whether this agenesis occurs in specific patterns, which is important regarding treatment planning and aetiological research. This study aimed to aggregate and analyze patterns of TA, excluding third molars, in individuals with DS using the tooth…

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disorder affecting the colon, and typically, during the disease course, the condition may exacerbate, relapse, and remit. One of the most successful lines for inducing and maintaining clinical remission in subjects with UC is biological therapy with anti-tumor necrosis factor…

This study aims to investigate the relationship between pachychoroid spectrum disorders and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or rod-cone dystrophy through a comprehensive literature review. The purpose is to explore the association between these disorders, understand their underlying mechanisms, and summarize the existing hyp…

BACKGROUND: Accurate methods are needed to evaluate the anatomy of the internal nasal valve (INV), yet there is currently no ideal measurement technique. Our systematic review aims to establish a comprehensive INV assessment tool, compare different INV diagnostic tools, and establish the most ideal measurement techniqu…

OBJECTIVES: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection has been granted orphan disease status by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency owing to its rarity and relatively limited research and treatment options. Turkey is considered an endemic country for the virus. We aimed to provide a curren…

BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids reduce mortality in hospitalized patients with severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), although a possible harm was documented in patients with Covid-19 not requiring oxygen. METHODS: We searched Embase, BioMed Central, medRxiv, bioRxiv, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Regi…

Cardiac transplant recipients face many complications due to transplant rejection. Scientists must conduct animal experiments to study disease onset mechanisms and develop countermeasures. Therefore, many animal models have been developed for research topics including immunopathology of graft rejection, immunosuppressi…

IMPORTANCE: Postmenopausal ovarian masses are not uncommon, and the incidence of ovarian cancer rises sharply after menopause. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the natural history and malignant potential of postmenopausal simple ovarian cysts. EVIDENCE REVIEW: PubMed, MEDLI…

BACKGROUND: Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) are time-tested tool to improve healthcare quality and patient safety. This study was done to review the available guidelines and assess their essential attributes using AGREE reporting checklist 2016. METHODS: Publications from PubMed, World Health Organization, Global…

BACKGROUND: Pediatric glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive central nervous system tumor in children that has dismal prognosis. Standard of care is surgery with subsequent irradiation and temozolomide. We aimed to outline currently available data on novel pharmacological treatments for pediatric GBM. METHODS: We conduct…

The article discusses the clinical value of determining the lactoferrin protein in oral fluid - one of the representatives of the saliva proteome. The review is based on the analysis of modern literature, including systematic reviews, the results of multicenter prospective studies, review and original articles by leadi…

Patients with severe aortic valve stenosis and concomitant pulmonary hypertension show a significantly reduced survival prognosis. Right heart catheterization as a preoperative diagnostic tool to determine pulmonary hypertension has been largely abandoned in recent years in favor of echocardiographic criteria. Clinical…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A thorough understanding of the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is conducive to a comprehensive understanding of the molecular regulatory network of IRI. Such an understanding could be of great significance for finding new biomarkers and ther…

BACKGROUND: Motor cortex stimulation (MCS) was introduced in 1985 and has been tested extensively for different types of peripheral and central neuropathic pain syndromes (eg, central poststroke pain, phantom limb pain, trigeminal neuropathic pain, migraines, etc). The motor cortex can be stimulated through different r…

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in children. Several scoring systems are used to predict outcome and mortality for pediatric patients with sepsis, but how they compare to each other in terms of sensitivity and specificity is unclear. METHODS: The systematic literature review was performed followin…