11,526,397 papers found

The transition from school to university is associated with social, structural, and behavioral changes. These changes may be related to feelings of loneliness, which are in turn related to morbidity. The authors' aim was to quantify loneliness among students and to identify its determinants and its relation to transiti…

The study by Ousager and Johannessen in this issue finds a lack of research attempting to measure the long-term effects of incorporating humanities into the undergraduate medical education (UME) curriculum, and warns that more such studies are needed if the humanities are to become integrated into UME. This commentary…

BACKGROUND: This article examines the ethical implications of using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to conduct HIV behaviour surveillance among injection drug users (IDUs) in Chicago. Ethnographic inquiry illustrates how the design and implementation of RDS invites if not promotes manifold violations of federal guidel…

The transfer of a small number of cells between parent and offspring during pregnancy, commonly referred to as microchimerism, is thought to occur in all human pregnancies. The impact of microchimeric cells on health outcomes in mothers and offspring with respect to cancer, remains unknown. Molecular and epidemiologica…

UNLABELLED: Human Biological Materials (HBMs) are an invaluable resource in biomedical research. OBJECTIVE: To determine if researchers and a Research Ethics Committee (REC) at a South African institution addressed ethical issues pertaining to HBMs in collaborative research with developed countries. STUDY DESIGN: Eth…

There are 2 ways to think about emerging technology and adolescent health research. First, one can try to understand the relationship between technology and adolescent health. This line examines whether time spent using emerging technologies or being exposed to messages and applications are associated with poorer or be…

This article describes a cross-sectional study that examined the effect of students' pre-enrollment perceptions of nursing education on attrition. It was hypothesized that more students who leave (leavers) than students who continue would report a discrepancy between these perceptions and their nursing academic experie…

This current study analyzes the content of popular pornographic videos, with the objectives of updating depictions of aggression, degradation, and sexual practices and comparing the study's results to previous content analysis studies. Findings indicate high levels of aggression in pornography in both verbal and physic…

The legislative pressures now dominating the realm of program accountability are moving the mental health system from process to outcome evaluations. While the need for this type of assessment is generally acknowledged, its methodological validity and policy-setting utility are the subject of considerable controversy.…

BACKGROUND: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) constitutes the most frequent cause of death in the postperinatal period in Germany. Recently, a lethal phenotype characterized by sudden infant death with dysgenesis of the testes syndrome (SIDDT) was identified to be caused by loss of function mutations in the TSPYL1 ge…

This commentary discusses the study by Bicaj et al., which examines baseline predictors of cognitive and behavioral disturbances (C/BI) in motor neuron diseases (MNDs) with pure motor onset. The study's longitudinal design and use of the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS) provide valuable insights int…

We examine alcohol use in conjunction with ecstasy use and risk-taking behaviors among regular ecstasy users in every capital city in Australia. Data on drug use and risks were collected in 2004 from a national sample of 852 regular ecstasy users (persons who had used ecstasy at least monthly in the preceding 6 months)…

This letter critically evaluates Jiang's article on the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions using Emax and platelet count. Despite notable findings, significant methodological and interpretative limitations are identified. The study lacks detailed assay conditions for Emax measurement, employs inadequ…

Many college women report engaging in weight control strategies, yet little is known about which strategies are used and how often. The current study's goal was to evaluate the factor structure of a comprehensive list of weight control behaviors used in the previous 24-hours.Undergraduate women ( = 286) w…

AIM: The aim was to determine whether there are relationships among transformational leadership, safe team climate, knowledge sharing and reflection, and team performance in nursing and social work teams. BACKGROUND: Based on organisational learning theory, we hypothesized that transformational leadership could create…

For decades, states have passed legislation to mandate reporting of criminal conduct and the abuse of vulnerable persons. Four types of mandatory reporting laws have been enacted, including laws that require reports of injuries associated with crime or due to use of certain weapons, abuse of children, abuse of vulnerab…

This study's aim was to build a web service that automatically collects and tests hypotheses for possible allergy risks. We crowdsourced for unknown allergy risks, and obtained odds ratios. By using the collected hypotheses, we built a web service that estimates allergy risks from a questionnaire (consisting of 10 ques…

BACKGROUND: Given Japan's rapidly ageing society, an increasing number of elderly people live in their communities with mutual support after the death of their spouse. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship among independence of daily living, human relationships, and preparation for bereavement. METH…

Studies on the effectiveness of pain management have uniformly concluded that health care providers underestimate or undertreat pain. In the emergency department (ED) in which this study was conducted, physicians receive formal didactic and bedside teaching on pain recognition and management in order to heighten the aw…

A limited number of studies have examined ways that health promotion messages about condoms can be improved, leading to increased purchase and use. This study tests alternative message structures as a potential avenue to improving condom advertising. As hypothesized, two-sided messages (positive and negative informatio…