5,081,923 papers found

Current methods for developing practice guidelines include informal consensus development, formal consensus development, evidence-based guideline development, and explicit guideline development. Informal consensus development is the oldest and most common approach, but guidelines produced in this manner are often of po…

This paper highlights the key steps to follow when conducting a systematic review (see Box 2). Healthcare practitioners may be limited by time and resources when conducting literature reviews, however, a systematic and transparent approach should be adopted wherever possible. Further detailed guidance on conducting sys…

OBJECTIVES: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) relies on systematic review (SR), meta-analysis (MA) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These EBM tools are more commonly used in clinical medicine than in laboratory medicine. The extent of their use in cytopathology is not clear. The purpose of this study was to investi…

Literature reviews summarise all past research efforts, and because of this, are increasingly being used as a way of addressing the rapid accumulation of health care information. Because reviews, rather than primary research, are now being used as the basis for many health care decisions, it is important that they are…

The aim of Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the unbiased and systematic identification and synthesis of valid scientific data. These best-evidence data may then be used for clinical decision-making. The systematic review is the most important tool of EBM and gives a specific answer to a specific question. More than 200…

INTRODUCTION: With recent higher awareness of the necessity of improving healthcare workers' well-being, we aimed to overview systematic reviews dealing with interventions on well-being, occupational health, and aging of healthcare workers. METHODS: From three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science), a scoping…

Induction of labour is one of the most common interventions experienced by pregnant women. There are two overlapping components to labour induction, which include cervical ripening and the initiation of regular contractions. A large number of clinical studies have been conducted for evaluating the methods used for indu…

Although focus groups gather early-stage input effectively, our initial literature review found few focus group studies conducted with autistic adolescents (ages 12-19), despite the potential for focus groups to provide a safe, peer-based setting that encourages autistic adolescent engagement in research. Scoping revie…

CONTEXT: Barriers to the use of systematic reviews by policymakers may be overcome by resources that adapt and present the findings in formats more directly tailored to their needs. We performed a systematic scoping review to identify such knowledge-translation resources and evaluations of them. METHODS: Resources wer…

AIM: This paper is a report of a Critical Interpretive Synthesis to synthesize quantitative research, in the form of an effectiveness review and a guideline, with qualitative research to examine the use of morphine to treat cancer-related pain. BACKGROUND: Critical Interpretive Synthesis is a new method of reviewing,…

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report clinical treatment recommendations for low back pain (LBP) based on 5 international guidelines and best evidence from the Cochrane database of systematic reviews. METHODS: Five LBP guidelines available in English language were appraised, including 4 studies published sinc…

BACKGROUND: The common cold is a spontaneously remitting infection of the upper respiratory tract, characterised by a runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, cough, malaise, sore throat, and fever (usually < 37.8 &#xba;C). Whilst the common cold is generally not harmful, it is a cause of economic burden due to school a…

Systematic reviews of RCTs have been developed to address end-users' needs and are regarded as the highest level of evidence. Flaws in the design, conduct and analyses of a systematic review can lead to erroneous conclusions and increase the research waste. We undertook a cross-sectional survey to identify the critical…

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this umbrella review was to assess the associations between sarcopenia and adverse health-related outcomes. DESIGN: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Patients with sarcopenia and controls without sarcopenia were included. MEASURES: The P…

BACKGROUND: Homelessness is a major problem that critically impacts the mental health and well-being of the affected individuals. This umbrella review aimed to evaluate the current evidence on the prevalence of mental disorders among homeless people from evidence-based systematic reviews and meta-analyses. METHODS: We…

This was a rapid review of systematic reviews (SRs) on problematic polypharmacy (PP) in the UK. The commissioner-defined topics were burden of PP, interventions to reduce PP, implementation activities to increase uptake of interventions, and efficient handover between primary and secondary care to reduce PP. Databases…

BACKGROUND: Given that we know that interventions shown to be effective in improving the health of a population may actually widen the health inequalities gap while others reduce it, it is imperative that all systematic reviewers consider how the findings of their reviews may impact (reduce or increase) on the health i…

OBJECTIVES: To systematically identify, define, and classify emerging knowledge synthesis methods through a scoping review. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Methodology Register, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Social Sciences Abstracts, Library and Information Sci…

INTRODUCTION: Our umbrella review aimed to summarize and revisit the evidence from all of the meta-analyses and systematic reviews regarding the treatments of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Major medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Co…