5,011,235 papers found

A recently published American Diabetes Association/European Association for the Study of Diabetes consensus statement on the management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes emphasises the achievement and maintenance of normal glycaemic control and the rapid addition of medications and transition to new regimens when gl…

The Certican Consensus Conference has produced guidelines to help physicians apply Certican (everolimus) clinical trial data in clinical practice. Everolimus is indicated in combination with cyclosporine microemulsion (CsA; Neoral) and corticosteroids for prophylaxis of acute rejection after heart transplantation. It h…

Otitis media (OM) is a wicked problem. Millennia ago, middle ear disease was described in the ancient Egyptian Ebers Papyrus and Indian Sushruta Samhit ('Compendium'). Centuries ago, Italian anatomists (Bartholomaeus Eustachius ∼ 1563; and Antonio Valsalva ∼ 1704) described the structu…

Non-cancer-related risk factors for secondary lymphedema were defined across four categories: co-morbidity, social determinants of health, behavioral factors, and environmental effectors. Based on rapid reviews of the literature and presentations at the ACS/LANA Lymphedema Summit, this working group categorized…

BACKGROUND: 'Choosing Wisely' is an international campaign against inappropriateness in medical practices that aims to promote a rational and evidence-based use of resources. The Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (AIGO) joined the Campaign in 2017 releasing five recommendations. AIMS…

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials are an important source of adverse effects data, including analyses in systematic reviews and recommendations in therapy guidelines. Trial publication bias may have profound effects on safety perceptions. This MiniReview presents and discusses biases in reporting of safety data in clinical t…

The aim of the overview was to synthesize existing systematic reviews (SRs) of flushing interval for patients who inserted totally implanted venous catheter devices (TIVAD). Regular flushing is indispensable for catheter patency, the recommended flushing interval of TIVAD is 4 weeks, however, there is an argumen…

We looked at existing recommendations and supporting evidence on the effectiveness of universal screening for language and speech delay in children under 5 years of age for short- and long-term outcomes.We conducted a literature search up to the 20th of November 2019 by using key terms and manual search in selected sou…

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder causing progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and death of neural tissue. Current research suggests a connection between bulk flow of interstitial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid across the blood-brain barrier and the recently confirmed meningeal lymp…

Despite major advances in the last century, particularly in high resource settings, maternal sepsis remains a common and potentially preventable cause of direct maternal death globally. A barrier to further progress has been the lack of consensus on the definition of maternal sepsis. Publications from two recent multid…

INTRODUCTION: Midwifery is defined and regulated across all 50 United States. However, states' regulations vary markedly, creating confusion for policy makers and consumers, and can limit services to women. In 2011, the International Confederation of Midwives released Global Standards for Midwifery Education, Regulatio…

Clinical trials and basic science studies without statistically significant results are less likely to be published than studies with statistically significant results. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses that omit unpublished data are at high risk of distorted conclusions. Here, we describe methods to search beyond b…

Cancer treatment guidelines are compiled on the basis of established evidence. Such evidence is obtained from epidemiological, pathological and pharmacological study and, most importantly of all, the information gained from clinical trials. However, very little of the kind of evidence that is required for the compilati…

The Pregenesys Consensus Meeting held in Cambridge on 13 July 2009 was organized by the Pregenesys Consortium to review and critically discuss current knowledge regarding early markers of preeclampsia, to identify priorities and opportunities for future research, to consider issues that may need to be addressed in futu…

At the recent National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference, the value of antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B in improving clinical outcome was hotly debated. In patients with chronic hepatitis B, antiviral therapy has proved effective in viral load reduction, alanine aminotransferase normalizati…

Stem cell transplantation has played a role in the management of diffuse large-cell lymphoma for decades. The optimal source of the stem cells and the proper composition of the cellular graft product has not been defined. The field is changing rapidly and the future is likely to hold improvements and requirements that…

BACKGROUND & AIMS: N-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3-PUFA) have been hypothesized to enhance/maintain skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical function. We conducted an overview of reviews of n-3 fatty acid monotherapy supplementation and examined whether the evidence supports the effects in healthy yo…

BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains an important complication of prematurity. Pulmonary inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of BPD, explaining the rationale for investigating postnatal corticosteroids. Multiple systematic reviews (SRs) have summarised the evidence from numerous random…

OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess credibility and certainty of associations between cannabis, cannabinoids, and cannabis based medicines and human health, from observational studies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs). DESIGN: Umbrella review. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, PsychInfo, Embase, up to 9 February 2022. ELI…

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine administration of hCG has been considered as a promising IVF add-on before embryo transfer to improve fertility outcomes. A Cochrane review and four more recent systematic reviews all showed improved clinical pregnancy rates and/or live birth rates following intrauterine administration of hCG,…