44,715 papers found

CONTEXT: Emerging evidence suggests that sedentary behavior (i.e., time spent sitting) may be negatively associated with health. The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence on associations between occupational sitting and health risks. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Studies were identified in March-April 20…

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The optimal treatment for isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis is unclear at present. We systematically reviewed the highest level of available evidence on the nonoperative and operative treatment of isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis to develop an evidenced-based discussion of treatment o…

In addition to maintaining the GenBank nucleic acid sequence database, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides analysis and retrieval resources for the data in GenBank and other biological data made available through the NCBI web site. NCBI resources include Entrez, the Entrez Programming Util…

BACKGROUND: Explosive growth of hospital-based medicine specialists, termed hospitalists, has occurred in the past decade. This was fueled by pressures within the American health care system for timely, cost-effective, and high-quality care and by the growing chasm between inpatient and outpatient care. In this article…

INTRODUCTION: Darigabat is a selective γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptor positive allosteric modulator targeting α2, α3, and α5 subunits, developed to preserve anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects while reducing α1-mediated sedation and cognitive adverse events. Subtype-selecti…

INTRODUCTION: To perform systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the use of the tocilizumab in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases. METHODS: A systematic search was carried out in the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases for all years until August 2025. RESULTS: The review revealed 618 CNS diseases patients tr…

PURPOSE: During pregnancy, it is unclear whether women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) should stop prescribed medication - risking relapse - or continue - risking harm to themselves and their baby. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to examine whether ADHD medications should be continued durin…

Spasticity is a common disabling disorder in adult subjects suffering from stroke, brain injury, multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury (SCI). Spasticity may be a disabling symptom in people during rehabilitation and botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has become the first-line therapy for the local form. High BTX-A…

INTRODUCTION: Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is an under-recognized complication of central venous catheter placement. We performed a retrospective review, characterizing clinical aspects of catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT). METHODS: To identify cases, a literature search was conducted in PubM…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reasons why patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) adhere poorly to medications over the long term (≥ 1 year). DATA SOURCES: PubMed was reviewed for studies between 1997 and January 2015 citing the reasons for medication nonadherence using these main keywords…

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Apocynum venetum L. (Apocynaceae, Luobuma ) has a long history as a Chinese traditional medicine with uses to calm the liver, soothe the nerves, dissipate heat, and promote diuresis. Recently, Luobuma tea has been commercialized as a sedative and anti-aging supplement that has become inc…

: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is central to brain tumor segmentation and histological grading, and deep learning (DL) has transformed both tasks. Existing reviews rarely span the 2017-2026 architectural arc from CNNs and U-Net variants to transformers and foundation models or appraise reproducibility and clinical-…

BACKGROUND: Mucocutaneous manifestations affect more than 80% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are frequently refractory to standard therapy, contributing to a substantial disease burden. Although belimumab improves overall SLE activity, its specific efficacy in the mucocutaneous domain warrants…

INTRODUCTION: Salvage radiotherapy (SRT) is one of the treatment options after progression following surgical management, with effectiveness varying according to patient risk and clinical-pathological characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of SRT alone versus SRT combined with androgen deprivation th…

BACKGROUND: Public availability of large language models (LLMs) from late 2022 has raised concerns about AI-assisted writing in scientific publishing. Oncology randomized controlled trials (RCTs) underpin cancer treatment guidelines and regulatory decisions worldwide, yet whether linguistic changes have followed the em…

The public health sector is undergoing sustained change, shaped by complex health challenges, constrained resources, and evolving employment conditions that may affect the availability of stable and fulfilling career pathways for public health professionals. Within this context, the integration of entrepreneurial compe…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Patient engagement is central in managing chronic conditions. Engagement may be particularly challenging for older adults with their age-related changes. However, the concept and strategies for promoting patient engagement among older adults remain underdeveloped. We conducted a scoping revie…

Male stress urinary incontinence (UI), particularly after radical prostatectomy, remains a clinically relevant condition with a detrimental impact on patients' quality of life. Non-adjustable male slings are widely used for the treatment of this condition. Although baseline UI severity is an established predictor of sl…

INTRODUCTION: A subset of patients with acute appendicitis presents with complicated disease characterized by periappendiceal abscess. Although appendiceal neoplasms are rare in uncomplicated appendicitis, recent evidence suggests a higher incidence in patients with appendicitis complicated by abscess, particularly in…

BACKGROUND: Monkeypox, a zoonotic viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), was first identified in captive monkeys in 1958 and in humans in 1970. Although historically limited to Central and West Africa, the unprecedented 2022–2025 multi-country outbreaks exposed its ability for sustained human-to-hum…