5,087,135 papers found

In the last decades the reported incidence of preterm necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has been declining in large part due to implementing comprehensive NEC prevention initiatives, including breast milk feeding, standardized feeding protocols, transfusion guidelines, and antibiotic stewardship and improving the rigor w…

BACKGROUND: Biobanks increasingly presume long-term storage of biomaterials and data that shall be used for future research projects which are today unspecified. Appropriate consent documents for sample donors must therefore explain the breadth of consent and other elements of the biobank governance framework. Recent r…

Groin hernias are very common, and surgical treatment is usually recommended. In fact, hernia repair is the most common surgical procedure performed worldwide. In countries such as the USA, China, and India, there may easily be over 1 million repairs every year. The need for this surgery has become an important…

In Italy the birth rate decrease together with the continuous improvement of living conditions on one hand, and the health care progress on the other hand, led in recent years to an increasing number of patients with chronic mono- or multi-organ failures and in an extension of their life expectancy. However, the natura…

PURPOSE: This study forms the first phase in the development of the Canadian National EMS Research Agenda. The purpose was to understand the current state of emergency medical services (EMS) research through the barriers and opportunities perceived by key stakeholders in the Canadian system and to identify the recommen…

GRADE suggests that examination of 95% confidence intervals (CIs) provides the optimal primary approach to decisions regarding imprecision. For practice guidelines, rating down the quality of evidence (i.e., confidence in estimates of effect) is required when clinical action would differ if the upper versus the lower b…

Cognitive deficits constitute a core symptom in schizophrenia, are difficult to treat, and have special relevance regarding prognosis and functional outcome. The search for pharmacological strategies for improving cognition in schizophrenic patients has been hindered by the lack of a consensus regarding instruments for…

Authentication of human tissues, cell lines and primary cell cultures (including stem cell preparations) used as therapeutic modalities is often performed using phenotyping and technologies capable of assessing identity to the species level (e.g., isoenzyme analysis and/or karyotyping). This authentication paradigm alo…

Over the past two decades, not only treatment options, but also the diagnosis, staging, and risk assessment of multiple myeloma (MM), have undergone significant development, partially due to a deeper understanding of MM pathogenesis. Conventional cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization are routinely assesse…

BACKGROUND: Patients with hand osteoarthritis are commonly treated by health care professionals (allied to medicine). Practice should be informed by updated evidence from systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials. PURPOSE: The purpose of this overview is to summarize the evidence from systematic reviews of th…

The members of the Expert Panel on Cultural Competence of the American Academy of Nursing (AAN) envisioned this article to serve as a catalyst to action by the Academy to take the lead in ensuring that measurable outcomes be achieved that reduce or eliminate health disparities commonly found among racial, ethnic, unins…

In view of the clinical importance of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), numerous potential risk-reduction strategies have been evaluated. Adequate intravenous volume expansion with isotonic crystalloid (1.0-1.5 mL/kg per hr) for 3-12 hours before the procedure and continued for 6-24 hours afterward can lessen the pro…

Apparent life-threatening event syndrome predominantly affects children younger than one year. This syndrome is characterized by a frightening constellation of symptoms in which the child exhibits some combination of apnea, change in color, change in muscle tone, coughing, or gagging. Approximately 50 percent of these…

The Second Molecular Biomarkers Workshop was held at the Roy Castle International Centre for Lung Cancer Research in Liverpool, in June 2001 and it brought together experts in the clinical, epidemiological and molecular-pathology of lung cancer from Europe and the USA, to address issues surrounding the development of a…

Defining criteria for the postmortem diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has proven difficult due to the phenotypical heterogeneity of the disease, the absence of a specific disease marker and an overlap of AD neuropathology with that observed in a number of nondemented aged individuals. Even though the role of plaqu…

In response to reports of rising asthma morbidity and mortality, several consensus statements have been drafted to guide the treatment of asthma. More recently, attempts have been made to develop similar guidelines for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Just as the two diseases differ in th…

Recent clinical trials have confirmed that cisplatinum combination has advantages for advanced ovarian cancer interns of response rate, response duration and disease-free time, but little advantage for overall survival. Although addition of doxorubicin to cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a matter of controversy between…

Crohn disease is a chronic immune-mediated gastrointestinal disorder affecting nearly 1 million people in the United States. Despite therapeutic advances, many patients do not achieve durable intestinal healing, and stricture-related complications, including internal penetrating disease, remain frequent. Disease often…

The negative impact of psychological factors on the development and course of cardiovascular disease is impressively documented in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2025 Clinical Consensus Statement on mental health and cardiovascular disease (ESC-CCS-2025), which cites a total of 687 references. In pa…

The Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) updates expert opinions on conduction system pacing (CSP). It does not represent a focused update of the ESC pacemaker guidelines of 2021 since that would require the publication of new results of randomized trials. But an official statem…