376,015 papers found

OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to determine whether exposure at work to environmental tobacco smoke is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. METHODS: Data from 14 studies providing information on lung cancer and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at work were examined. Six quality criteria were…

The acute ulcer hemorrhage is one of the most frequent diagnoses in Gastroenterology. In addition to the active hemorrhage the visible ulcer vessel, even if not bleeding at present, is one of the most important prognostic criteria. Numerous controlled studies have shown that with this sign recurrent hemorrhages will oc…

A structured review of existing literature was undertaken to provide an objective evaluation of the validity of cardiac output measurement by thoracic impedance. Relevant studies were obtained from journals, advertising literature, and N.A.S.A. contract publications, using MEDLINE retrieval and references from other st…

A critical overview of 19 case-control studies that have investigated the relationship between prone sleeping position and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is presented. Issues relating to the non-comparability of the studies are described in terms of: (i) case definition; (ii) selection of controls; (iii) quality o…

We used meta-analytic statistical techniques to synthesize findings from studies that evaluated propranolol HCI for the prevention of recurrent migraine (2,403 treated patients). The modal migraine sufferer treated in these studies was a female, about 37 years of age, who suffered from common (rather than classical) mi…

Meta-analysis of published series of intramedullary rod fixation in fractured femurs revealed significantly higher union rates, lower deep infection rates and a better range of knee motion when closed rather than open techniques of insertion were used. A separate retrospective review of 58 femoral fractures at one hosp…

Despite the logical expectation of effectiveness, and wide use, of antisecretory drugs in the initial management of patients with hematemesis and melaena, convincing evidence of benefit is lacking.

BACKGROUND: Age-related circulating factors are recognized as major contributors to the progression of sarcopenia. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare the effects of various interventions on circulating factor responses among individuals with sarcopenia. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane…

Meta-analysis of all randomised trials published so far, was performed to compare the effect of additional gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-agonist treatment to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction in clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Five clinical studies were included, of…

The research on memory for schema-relevant information has produced sharply contradictory results. Some studies demonstrate memory selectivity for schema-consistent information, others demonstrate memory selectivity for schema-inconsistent information. Meta-analytic procedures are applied to a sample of 60 independent…

Many current discussions of hereditary factors in psychopathology focus on twin studies as the primary source of evidence supporting the importance of genetic determinants. In summarizing the results of these studies, authors often derive estimates of concordance rates by collapsing across studies and presenting mean o…

BACKGROUND: Prehabilitation has been proposed to enhance recovery after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Understanding its preoperative effectiveness across modalities is an important step towards clarifying its potential role in optimizing recovery. OBJECTIVE: To compare the preoperative effectiveness of various prehabi…

BACKGROUND: Despite the availability of several chemotherapeutic regimens for early-stage breast cancer (BC), the ideal combination and dosing strategy remain to be defined. Thus, we conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing the current chemotherapeutic regimens used in the treatment of women with early-stage B…

PURPOSE: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) tracers have reshaped prostate cancer (PC) imaging, supplementing non-PSMA options such as choline-based agents. However, direct comparative performance data across tracers remain scarce, leaving the optimal choice uncertain.…

BACKGROUND: The emergence of systemic targeted therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD) has significantly transformed the treatment landscape. OBJECTIVE: This network meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the relative efficacy of approved systemic targeted therapies in adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD. M…

INTRODUCTION: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remains a leading cause of disability, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show potential for KOA treatment. However, existing studies demonstrate conflicting results on the optimal dose and tissue source of MSCs for KOA treatment. This gap limits evidence-based treatment decisions…

BACKGROUND: Growing cognitive health interest fuels 8.3% market growth. Bacopa monnieri Wettst. (Brahmi) and Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgo) are among the most studied natural nootropics, but their effects have not been directly compared. This study aimed to evaluate and compare their efficacy in healthy adults using a netwo…

BACKGROUND: Prefrailty represents a critical transitional phase in age-related functional decline among older adults, characterized by reduced muscle strength and impaired balance. While exercise interventions are recognized as effective in ameliorating these symptoms, the comparative efficacy of different exercise mod…

BACKGROUND: Previous research on traditional exercise interventions for chronic heart failure (CHF) has primarily concentrated on single exercise modalities in isolation, providing scant insight into the ideal exercise regimen for this patient population. This study aims to assess the effects of 6 traditional exercise…