392,419 papers found

Heterogeneity is a defining and expected feature of prevalence studies and their systematic reviews, yet it is frequently interpreted using conceptual and statistical frameworks developed for intervention research. Unlike treatment effects, prevalence estimates do not represent a single underlying biological parameter…

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses lie on the top of the evidence hierarchy because they utilize explicit methods for literature search and retrieval of studies relevant to the review question as well as robust methodology for quality assessment of included studies and quantitative synthesis of results. As opposed to…

Isothiocyanates, bioactive phytochemicals of cruciferous vegetables, have chemopreventative efficacy. To clarify evidence of associations between cruciferous vegetable and isothiocyanate intake and various health outcomes, we conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews in humans. A total of 413…

Psychotherapies may work through techniques that are specific to each therapy or through factors that all therapies have in common. Proponents of the common factors model often point to meta-analyses of comparative outcome studies that show all therapies have comparable effects. However, not all meta-analyses support t…

AIM: Assessing relative performance among competing interventions is an important part of comparative effectiveness research. Bayesian indirect comparisons add information to existing Cochrane reviews, such as which intervention is likely to perform best. However, heterogeneity variance priors may influence results and…

Comparative effectiveness research seeks to identify the most effective interventions for particular patient populations. Meta-analysis is an especially valuable form of comparative effectiveness research because it emphasizes the magnitude of intervention effects rather than relying on tests of statistical significanc…

OBJECTIVES: One of the challenges of conducting meta-analyses on the relationship between workplace mechanical exposures and low back pain is that mechanical exposures are reported in a wide variety of ways. We aimed to develop common metrics to apply in the translation of literature-based workplace mechanical exposure…

MOTIVATION: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis tools are essential for integrating summary statistics across multiple cohorts, thereby increasing statistical power and validating genetic associations. Widely cited tools, such as METAL, PLINK, and GWAMA, have facilitated numerous significant discoveries…

Pediatric research is often faced with ethical and logistical challenges. Pediatric literature is dominated by studies that are performed to answer similar questions but of small sample size, varying in methodology, results, and conclusions. Therefore, evidence synthesis methods are necessary for summarizing existing e…