44,713 papers found

INTRODUCTION: The use of insulin analogs for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is widespread; however, the therapeutic benefits still require further evaluation given their higher costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of analog insulin glargine compared to recomb…

To evaluate the efficacy of the adjunctive laser therapy in conventional non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis, an electronic search was performed through the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNK…

AIM: To describe the general aspects of cavernomas and epilepsy and review the available literature on the utility of electrocorticography (ECoG) in cerebral cavernoma surgery. METHODS: We searched studies in PubMed, MedLine, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (from January 1969 to December 2013) using the key…

BACKGROUND: Biodegradable polymeric coatings have been proposed as a promising strategy to enhance biocompatibility and improve the delayed healing in the vessel. However, the efficacy and safety of biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents (BP-DES) vs. bare metal stents (BMS) are unknown. The aim of this study was to…

Whether cisplatin plus vinorelbine (VC) or cisplatin plus docetaxel (DC) are equally effective in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the VC and DC regimens in the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC. A search was conducted through…

Spinal spondylosis is an extremely common condition that has only rarely been described as a cause of syringomyelia. We describe a case of syringomyelia associated with cervical spondylosis admitted at our division and treated by our institute. It is the case of a 66-year-old woman. At our observation she was affected…

IMPORTANCE: Psychostimulant medication is an efficacious treatment for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, yet controversy remains regarding potential iatrogenic effects of stimulant medication, particularly with respect to increasing susceptibility to later substance use disorders. However, stimulant t…

There is evidence from animal studies that repeated exposure to methylphenidate (MPH), a widely used psychostimulant for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), produces behavioural, structural and neurochemical changes that persist long after drug administration has ended. However, the transl…

BACKGROUND: Synchronized ventilation of neonates is standard care in industrialized countries. Both flow-cycled and time-cycled modes of synchronized ventilation are in widespread use for assisted ventilation of neonates. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of flow-cycled versus time-cycled synchronized ventilation on…

Neuroinflammation is a key driver in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and central nervous system (CNS) injuries. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid, has demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. This scoping review systematically an…

BACKGROUND: Switching between versions of medication products happens commonly despite challenges in achieving bioequivalence and therapeutic equivalence. Central nervous system and psychiatric drugs, especially those that are technically demanding to manufacture and have complex pharmacokinetic properties, such as lon…

The human gut microbiota influences obesity, insulin resistance, and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The gut microbiota digests and ferments nutrients resulting in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which generate various beneficial metabolic effects on energy and glucose homeostasi…

This network meta-analysis was conducted to obtain the relative effectiveness of different pharmacotherapy of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) by summarizing all available evidences.PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for all relevant randomized controlled trials. The out…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To facilitate and improve the diagnostic and therapeutic process by systematically reviewing studies on patients with primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS). METHODS: We searched PubMed, looking at the period between 1988 and February 2020. Studies with adult patients with PACNS were included.…

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous catheterization is a frequently-used technique to gain access to the central venous circulation. Inadvertent arterial puncture is often without consequence, but can lead to devastating complications if it goes unrecognized and a large-bore dilator or catheter is inserted. The present study revi…

BACKGROUND: Suspicion of a CNS tumour is classically raised by symptoms of raised intracranial pressure, focal deficits (including seizures), or papilloedema. Development of guidelines is needed for the identification and referral of children who might have a CNS tumour. We did a systematic literature review and meta-a…

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive right colectomy is a standard treatment for Crohn's disease. Although intracorporeal anastomosis (ICA) has shown favorable outcomes in minimally invasive colorectal surgery, evidence specific to Crohn's disease remains limited. We performed the first systematic review and meta-analysis co…

BACKGROUND: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent clinical condition characterized by short, sharp pain arising from exposed dentin in response to thermal, tactile, osmotic, or chemical stimuli. Conventional desensitizing agents often provide temporary relief, with inconsistent long-term effectiveness, prompting…

INTRODUCTION: Energy drinks are widely marketed to enhance alertness and performance, making them a rapidly growing industry valued at $73.99 billion. These beverages typically contain caffeine and other stimulants, but their consumption has raised concerns about potential cardiovascular risks, including arrhythmi…

INTRODUCTION: This review aims to systematically investigate the existing research on the effects of anthocyanins on cognitive functions and their underlying mechanisms involved. It provides detailed insights into their development and potential applications. METHOD: An extensive review and analysis of various animal…