2,589 papers found

The aim of this case report was to analyse the efficiency of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. Spontaneous pneumothorax occurs subsequently to a disruption of visceral pleura and escape of air into pleural space. A retrospective study was performed in 5 patients from D…

OBJECTIVES: The authors present their first experience with a new operative method (within two years' period in 18 patients) solving pelvic prolapse in women by means of installation of polypropylene (Prolene) mesh implant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors corrected various forms and stages of POP, particularly prol…

BACKGROUND: The combination of pulmonary valve atresia and ventricular septal defect accounts for about 2% of cases of congenital heart disease. Most of the cases have intracardiac anatomy of Tetralogy Fallot and present with cyanosis in neonatal age. OBJECTIVES: To report a case of a newborn with rare combination of…

In literature, there is paucity of information on the different shapes of styloid processes of the temporal bone of the skull. Textbooks of anatomy describe the styloid process to be slender, approximately 2.5 cm in length and concave on the anterior aspect only. In the present case, we observed the styloid process to…

OBJECTIVES: Determine the outcomes of first rib resection for thoracic outlet syndrome. BACKGROUND: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome is not a very frequent syndrome, affecting especially young patients, predominantly women. Its symptomatology is caused by compression of a nervous and vascular plexuses in a physiological isthm…

We consider identification and inference about mean functionals of observed covariates and an outcome variable subject to non-ignorable missingness. By leveraging a shadow variable, we establish a necessary and sufficient condition for identification of the mean functional even if the full data distribution is not iden…

Current evidence suggests a beneficial role of herbal products in free radical-induced diseases.(Burk.) F. H. Chen has long occupied a leading position in traditional Chinese medicine because of the ergogenic, nootropic, and antistress activities, although these properties are also acknowledged in the Western world. Th…

PURPOSE: We sought to measure quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) properties of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy controls (HCs) using a full qMT analysis and determine whether a rapid single-point measurement yields equivalent results for pool size rat…

BACKGROUND: Novel approaches that complement and go beyond evidence-based medicine are required in the domain of chronic diseases, given the growing incidence of such conditions on the worldwide population. A promising avenue is the secondary use of electronic health records (EHRs), where patient data are analyzed to c…

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated whether medical student responses to Script Concordance Testing (SCT) items represent valid clinical reasoning. Using a think-aloud approach students provided written explanations of the reasoning that underpinned their responses, and these were reviewed for concordance with an exper…

In computerized detection of clustered microcalcifications (MCs) from mammograms, the traditional approach is to apply a pattern detector to locate the presence of individual MCs, which are subsequently grouped into clusters. Such an approach is often susceptible to the occurrence of false positives (FPs) caused by loc…

BACKGROUND: Patient and professional views about the impact of providing full real-time access to the medical record in the in-hospital setting are unknown. METHODS: Likert-scale and free-text validated questionnaire survey of physicians and patients from acute medical units in two hospitals. The questionnaire explore…

Existing AI solutions-like the XGBoost tool by Li et al.-show potential for preoperative screening but rely on fixed questionnaires and opaque feature weighting. We introduce a hybrid framework that combines reasoning LLMs (OpenAI o3, DeepSeek R1, Google Gemini 2.5, Anthropic Claude 3.7 Sonnet) with specialty medical m…

MOTIVATION: Simultaneous alignment and folding (SA&F) of RNAs is the indispensable gold standard for inferring the structure of non-coding RNAs and their general analysis. The original algorithm, proposed by Sankoff, solves the theoretical problem exactly with a complexity of [Formula: see text] in the full energy mode…

OBJECTIVES: Patients with infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease often undergo multiple revascularisation procedures. Although many centres have adopted an endovascular first approach, some are reluctant to do so for fear of compromising the outcomes of any subsequent bypasses. All studies that compared the outcomes…

Neonatal sepsis is a systemic response to a bacterial infection within the first 28 days of life. Diagnosis remains a challenge due to the subtle and nonspecific signs, often resulting in the use of empirical antibiotics and their associated risks. This systematic review aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy and clin…

CONTEXT: Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is an emerging nonpharmacological intervention utilized to address various health conditions, particularly among the elderly population. This scoping review aims to examine the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of OMT in improving pain, balance, and quality…

INTRODUCTION: As the U.S. population ages, the incidence of chronic disease will rise. Chronic diseases have been linked to chronic inflammation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in relation to inflammation. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched. In…

PURPOSE: Needle-free jet injection has to some extent improved the quality of life of patients with diabetes, but it has not been widely used. Therefore, we analyzed articles, clinical trials, and patents of needle-free insulin injection to (1) perform a systematic and comprehensive analysis of scientific research and…

Oscillators are at the heart of optical lasers, providing stable, transform-limited pulses. Until now, laser oscillators have been available only in the infrared to visible and near-ultraviolet (UV) spectral region. In this paper, we present a study of an oscillator operating in the 5- to 12-keV photon-energy range. We…