37,521,202 papers found

With the continuous rise of my country's international status, the cultivation of students' cross-cultural thinking ability has become an important goal of college English teaching. Since the twentieth century, theories about critical thinking ability have been abundant, and how to improve students' critical thinking a…

This article outlines the Australian legal position relevant to minors and the commencement of hormone treatment for Gender Dysphoria (GD). It traces the significant Australian legal developments in this field and compares the Australian jurisprudence with recent English caselaw. In Quincy Bell and Mrs A v The Tavistoc…

Argumentative writing is the most important genre that undergraduate students need to learn to meet their academic requirements. Hence, many studies in different ESL/EFL academic contexts have explored different aspects of argumentative essay at micro text level and also wider educational, contextual and cultural level…

Late second language (L2) learners show translation priming from the first language (L1) to the second language (L1-L2), while L2-L1 effects are inconsistent. Late L2 learners also acquire the L2 after the L1 and are typically less dominant in the L2. As such, the relative contribution of language dominance and order o…

English and Mandarin Chinese differ in the voice onset times (VOTs) of /b/ and /p/. Hence the way bilinguals perceive these sounds may show 'tuning' to the language-specific acoustic structure of a bilingual's languages (a discrete model), or a shared representation across languages (a unitary model). We investigated w…

Machine translation is an ongoing field of research from the last decades. The main aim of machine translation is to remove the language barrier. Earlier research in this field started with the direct word-to-word replacement of source language by the target language. Later on, with the advancement in computer and comm…

Recent studies have sought to describe and understand English as a second/foreign language (ESL/EFL) teachers' pronunciation teaching practices in different contexts, but much less research has examined how teachers and learners perceive pronunciation instruction at tertiary level, especially in EFL settings. The quali…

OBJECTIVE: Native speakers frequently outperform non-native speakers on classic semantic verbal fluency tasks that target concrete non-emotional word retrieval. Much less is known about performance differences in retrieval of emotional words, which are abstract and crucial to social-emotional competence. This study com…

Receptive skills in English as a second language are important for students on the verge of entering higher education as this student group (aged 17-19) is expected to apply English regularly in their later life. Previous research in this age group in Germany already implied an increasing overlap between both skills in…

The meanings of most open class words are suffused with sensory and affective features. A word such as, for example, evokes polymodal associations ranging from gritty sand (tactile) and crashing waves (auditory) to the distinctive smell of sunscreen (olfactory). Aristotle argued for a hierarchy of the senses where visi…

The bilingual advantage proposes that bilingual individuals have enhanced cognitive control compared to their monolingual counterparts. Bilingualism has also been shown to contribute to cognitive reserve by offsetting the behavioral presentation of brain injury or neural degeneration. However, this effect has not been…

Despite the importance of understanding the narrative abilities of bilingual children, minimal research has focused on Spanish-English bilingual preschoolers. Therefore, this study examined the cross-language macrostructure and within-language microstructure relations in the English and Spanish narratives of bilingual…

We investigated whether cross-language activation is sensitive to shifting language demands and language experience during first and second language (i.e., L1, L2) reading. Experiment 1 consisted of L1 French-L2 English bilinguals reading in the L2, and Experiment 2 consisted of L1 English-L2 French bilinguals reading…

We examined if language proficiency modulates performance in tasks that measure executive control in older Telugu-English bilinguals ( = 50, mean age = 57.15 years). We administered numerical Stroop task, Attention Network Task, Dimensional Change Card Sorting task, and stop-signal task that ar…

Alexithymia, characterized by deficits in recognition or expression of emotional experiences, has been demonstrated to be associated with depressive symptoms. In psychotherapy, alexithymia can partly manifest as stunted, disfluent speech when an individual attempts to describe his or her subjective experiences. However…

The prosocial tendencies measure (PTM; Carlo and Randall, 2002) is a widely used measurement for prosocial tendencies in English speaking participants. This instrument distinguishes between six different types of prosocial tendencies that partly share some common basis, but also can be opposed to each other. To examine…

Previous research suggests that different typefaces can be perceived as having distinct personality characteristics (such as strength, elegance, friendliness, romance, and humor) and that these "print personalities" elicit information in the reader that is in addition to the meaning conveyed linguistically by words. Ho…

BACKGROUND: Brain damage can impair the use of all languages in bilingual persons. For effective management of aphasia (i.e., impaired language) in such persons, assessment of all languages is essential. The most widely used test for this purpose - the Bilingual Aphasia Test (BAT) - is cumbersome and requires a conside…

PURPOSE: Non-rhotic varieties of English often use /ɹ/ insertion as a connected speech process to separate heterosyllabic V1.V2 hiatus contexts. However, there has been little research on children's development of this strategy. This study investigated whether children use /ɹ/ insertion and, if so, whether…

OBJECTIVE: Conversational entrainment, the natural tendency for people to modify their behaviors to more closely match their communication partner, is examined as one possible mechanism modulating the prevalence of vocal fry in the speech of young American women engaged in spoken dialogue. METHOD: Twenty young adult f…