37,928,402 papers found

PURPOSE: To develop 28 short sentence optotypes for the English version of the Radner Reading Charts that are as comparable as possible in number and length of words, as well as in difficulty and syntactical construction. METHODS: Thirty-four English sentences were constructed following the method used for other Radne…

BACKGROUND: To date there is limited information documenting growth patterns in the narratives of bilingual children with and without primary language impairment (PLI). AIMS: This study was designed to determine whether bilingual children with and without PLI present similar gains from kindergarten to first grade in t…

This study applies the Commission on Social Determinants of Health model to identify the effect of ethnicity/race and English proficiency on the health of older immigrants. California Health Interview Survey data of foreign-born respondents aged 65 and over were used to examine the four outcomes of health-related quali…

PURPOSE: Information available on the Internet about immunizations may influence parents' perception about human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization and their attitude toward vaccinating their daughters. We hypothesized that the quality of information on HPV available on the Internet may vary with language and with the l…

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this community-based study was to determine factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening compliance and non-compliance among Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese and Cambodian adults with varying levels of English language proficiency. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used consisting…

PURPOSE: To survey the disclosure policy for authors, peer reviewers, and editors in English-language ophthalmology journals. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS: English-language ophthalmology journals. METHODS: All indexed English-language ophthalmology journals were identified. The journals' websites wer…

Patients managed in European or North American cancer centres have a variety of ethnic backgrounds and primary languages. To gain insight into the impact of ethnic origin, we have investigated understanding of disease status and quality of life (QoL) for 202 patients. Patients completed questionnaires in their first la…

The present study investigated developmental changes in lexical production skills in early sequential bilinguals, in both Spanish (L1) and English (L2), exploring the effects of age, years of experience, and basic-level cognitive processing (specifically the ability to resist interference) within a timed picture-naming…

This study investigated whether deaf readers of English predict semantic and phonological information during sentence reading in the same way as hearing readers. Using a self-paced moving-window paradigm, we tested four groups who were matched on reading ability and English vocabulary knowledge: deaf readers without co…

How culture shapes brain functional alteration and its development remains poorly understood in dyslexia (DD). Hereby, we conducted a meta-analysis comparing brain activation in children across Chinese (logographic), English (deep alphabetic), and German (shallow alphabetic) writing systems. A total of 48 studies invol…

INTRODUCTION: Restored estuarine floodplains with an artificially controlled reduced tide (CRT) are dynamic areas created for flood protection whilst also providing habitats for estuarine wildlife. However, the reintroduction of the tide poses stressors, including salinity and waterlogged soils because of periodic floo…

Natural language is often depicted as the sine qua non of mathematical thinking, a view buttressed by findings of language-of-training effects among bilinguals. These findings, however, have been limited to studies of arithmetic. Here, we asked whether algebraic thinking differs. We trained Chinese-English bilinguals a…

Bilingual word recognition is assumed to be modulated by a word's segmental and meaning similarity across languages, labelled cognate in psycholinguistics, usually conflating borrowed and inherited words. We conducted an ERP fragment priming study with Bengali-English bilinguals. English words borrowed into Bengali (do…

Speech mixed with noise and speech that is of an unfamiliar variety both make the task of understanding more difficult. Children are often more negatively affected by these situations than adults. Numerous studies have examined the cognitive and linguistic skills that support spoken language processing. In the current…

INTRODUCTION: The verbal deception literature is largely based upon North American and Western European monolingual English speaker interactions. This paper extends this literature by comparing the verbal behaviors of 88 south Asian bilinguals, conversing in either first (Hindi) or second (English) languages, and 48 Br…

With the continuous rise of my country's international status, the cultivation of students' cross-cultural thinking ability has become an important goal of college English teaching. Since the twentieth century, theories about critical thinking ability have been abundant, and how to improve students' critical thinking a…

This article outlines the Australian legal position relevant to minors and the commencement of hormone treatment for Gender Dysphoria (GD). It traces the significant Australian legal developments in this field and compares the Australian jurisprudence with recent English caselaw. In Quincy Bell and Mrs A v The Tavistoc…

Argumentative writing is the most important genre that undergraduate students need to learn to meet their academic requirements. Hence, many studies in different ESL/EFL academic contexts have explored different aspects of argumentative essay at micro text level and also wider educational, contextual and cultural level…

Late second language (L2) learners show translation priming from the first language (L1) to the second language (L1-L2), while L2-L1 effects are inconsistent. Late L2 learners also acquire the L2 after the L1 and are typically less dominant in the L2. As such, the relative contribution of language dominance and order o…

English and Mandarin Chinese differ in the voice onset times (VOTs) of /b/ and /p/. Hence the way bilinguals perceive these sounds may show 'tuning' to the language-specific acoustic structure of a bilingual's languages (a discrete model), or a shared representation across languages (a unitary model). We investigated w…