44,707 papers found

Microglia, residential macrophages in the central nervous system, can release a variety of factors including cytokines, chemokines, etc. to regulate the communication among neuronal and other types of glial cells. Microglia play immunological roles in mechanisms underlying the phagocytosis of invading microorganisms an…

OBJECTIVE: Cerebral malperfusion (CM) is a common comorbidity in acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD), which is associated with high mortality and poor neurological prognosis. This meta-analysis investigated the surgical strategy of ATAAD patients with CM, aiming to compare the difference in therapeutic effectiveness…

BACKGROUND: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/CT have become two of the most powerful tools for malignant lymphoma exploration, but their diagnostic role in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is still disputed. The purpose of our study is to identify the usefulness…

The gut-brain axis has emerged as a critical pathway influencing central nervous system (CNS) tumor biology through complex microbiome-mediated mechanisms. Understanding these interactions is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies and biomarkers for CNS tumors. To systematically review and meta-analyze c…

UNLABELLED: Collective use center is an organization or structural unit with unique resource providing access to this resource for internal and third-party users. Collective use centers are a relatively new phenomenon in bioresource collections, especially collections of human biological material due to some ethical an…

INTRODUCTION: The relationship between septoplasty and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD) remains controversial despite theoretical links between nasal anatomy and middle ear physiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and Embase up to Octob…

Cymbopogon citratus (C. citratus), a tropical medicinal plant from the Poaceae family, is widely distributed across Southeast Asia and is known for its rich essential oil content comprising terpenes, aldehydes, ketones, and esters. Traditionally used for various therapeutic purposes, C. citratus has demonstrated a broa…

Volvulus is a cause of acute abdominal pain and imaging methods are essential for the diagnosis. During basic medical training, it is taught that the coffee bean sign, visible on radiographs, is indicative of an intestinal volvulus; however, numerous radiological signs are also visible on X-ray, fluoroscopy, CT, and MR…

BACKGROUND: In pre-clinical studies, exosomes activate dermal repair mechanisms, and they may show regenerative potential for skin rejuvenation, pigmentation, scarring, hair loss, and inflammatory dermatoses. However, the clinical landscape and its safety remain undefined, despite commercial availability. OBJECTIVE: T…

During pregnancy, uterine circulation undergoes profound structural and functional adaptations to accommodate the dramatically increased metabolic demands of the growing fetus. Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation have emerged as central regulators both physiologically, to drive vascular remodeling and angiogenesis,…

Phenotype definitions are crucial for the progression of precision and personalized medicine. Although phenotype knowledge bases such as PheKB and the OHDSI library are available, they rely heavily on manual input. This study introduces PheCatcher, an automated pipeline that integrates BiomedBERT-based Named Entity Rec…

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to systematically examine the literature and conduct a meta-analysis to assess if liver biomarkers like alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) could be predictors of cognitive impairment and dementia. METHODS: Online databases of Scopus…

Recent research underscores the significance of meniscal extrusion in knee osteoarthritis progression. Centralization of the meniscus has emerged as a potential intervention, yet comprehensive literature on this is limited. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence on meniscus centralization's impact on extrus…

BACKGROUND: The Infertility refers to the inability of couples to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. The incidence of infertility is increasing and is estimated to be 8-12%, or even up to 20%. Primarily, it involves organic causes, but the psychological aspect is not excluded. OBJECTI…

The concept of 'pyramidal weakness' denotes that neurological examination findings can be localised to the central nervous system (CNS), and implying a specific pattern of motor weakness involving upper limb extensors and lower limb flexors. However, other weakness patterns have been observed in CNS lesions. We aim to…

UNLABELLED: Despite the development and implementation of preventive measures, new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) cases are still being registered among the population. OBJECTIVE: To describe the methods of recovery treatment, used at different rehabilitation stages of patients suffered from COVID-19. MATERIAL AND…

Pituitary adenomas are benign brain tumors that comprise 10%-20% of all central nervous system neoplasms. In recent years, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has emerged as a highly effective treatment option in the management of functioning and nonfunctioning adenomas. It is associated with tumor control rates frequently…

Environmental allergen control is recommended as an essential part of allergic rhinitis (AR) management guidelines. In this scoping review, our objective is to identify measures of allergen avoidance and to evaluate their effectiveness in the management of AR. We conducted systematic searches for randomized controlled…

UNLABELLED: This study aimed to compare operative time, blood loss, and transfusion requirement in patients receiving a high tranexamic acid (TXA) dose of greater than 10 mg/kg versus those receiving a low dose of 10 mg/kg or less. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Embase were queried to perform a s…

BACKGROUND: The lower threshold of neuronal hyperexcitability has been correlated with migraines for decades but as technology has progressed, it has now become conceivable to learn more about the migraine disease. Apart from the "cortical spreading depression" and "activation of the trigeminovascular system", inflamma…