386,649 papers found

The extent to which a clinician should believe and act on the results of subgroup analyses of data from randomized trials or meta-analyses is controversial. Guidelines are provided in this paper for making these decisions. The strength of inference regarding a proposed difference in treatment effect among subgroups is…

The basic ideas of multiple testing are outlined and the problem of how to control the probability of erroneous decisions is discussed. The main emphasis is on the concept of the multiple level of significance (controlling the experiment, or family error in the strong sense) which can be achieved by applying the princi…

Depression in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is a significant clinical problem for which the etiological basis remains unclear. Several authors have asserted it to be a reactive state to progressive, disabling symptoms, whereas others have suggested a neurochemical basis. Recent evidence suggests serotonin defi…

The extent to which theory and research were interrelated in 142 gerontologic nursing studies was examined using the Theory-Research Linkage Inventory, an instrument developed by the authors. Forty-six percent of the studies reviewed were related in varying degrees to a specific theory or model. Strengths and limitatio…

This review discusses the rationale for using guided tissue regeneration therapy. The review not only attempts to clarify the concept of selective tissue regeneration using non-resorbable and resorbable barriers, but to discuss differences in healing events after treatment with the two types of barriers together with t…

Although creation of sophisticated technologies in health care has been one of the most significant social developments of the last decades, evaluation of the health effects is essential to avoid misallocation of resources. Evaluation today depends on various scientific tools: epidemiologic methods provide benchmarks f…

We have investigated the relationship between the suppression of acidity by antisecretory drugs for the treatment of benign gastric ulcer and their corresponding ulcer-healing rates. For a variety of antisecretory drug regimens, there was a significant correlation between suppression of 24-h intragastric acidity and ul…

Nine publications are reviewed concerning blood pressure (BP) levels among Amerindian tribes of the Amazon Basin. The lifestyle of these lowland peoples includes most known protective factors against hypertension, and relative isolation from Western society. The latter, however, is rapidly changing. Sampling, data, and…

Diagnostic test accuracy studies assess a diagnostic test's performance against a reference standard. In this review, we explore and compare statistical methods used in meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy studies. Specifically, we evaluate two frequentist methods - split component synthesis (SCS) and bivariate mo…

BACKGROUND: Pressure sores, also known as pressure ulcers, present a critical health-care challenge, with a prevalence of 5%-20% in Western countries and annual costs exceeding $26.8 billion in the US. This study evaluates the effectiveness of various dressings in preventing pressure ulcers, aiming to improve patient c…

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) across diverse populations offers power gains to identify loci associated with complex traits and diseases. Often heterogeneity in effect sizes across populations will be correlated with genetic ancestry and environmental exposures (e.g. lifestyle factors). We pre…

FIFA has a Medical and Research Centre (F-MARC) which has designed a comprehensive program targeting muscle strength, kinesthetic awareness, and neuromuscular control during static and dynamic movements to decrease injury risk for soccer players. A number of meta-analyses now exist on how effective FIFA's programs to p…

Meta-analysis enables researchers to combine the results of several studies to assess the information they provide as a whole. It has been used to give a systematic overview of many areas in which data on a possible association between an exposure and an outcome have been collected in a number of studies but where the…

OBJECTIVE: To compare the survival with cisplatin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and cyclophosphamide versus that of cisplatin and cyclophosphamide in women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, to evaluate the effect of dose intensity, and to evaluate meta-analysis methodology. METHODS: Meta-analysis was done on 30 st…

AIMS: Given the epidemic proportions of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) globally, it's crucial to comprehensively understand the factors influencing its management. The gut microbiome, known for its influence on various aspects of health, has emerged as a potential regulator of blood pressure in individuals with T2DM.…

Improving population well-being is increasingly recognized as a global priority, yet evidence on the comparative effectiveness of well-being-focused interventions in adults is fragmented. Here we conduct a preregistered systematic review and network meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42023403480) of randomized controlled trial…

INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common surgical procedure for the removal of kidney stones. Adequate postoperative analgesia is crucial for enhancing recovery and minimizing complications. Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) have emerged as a promising method for managing postoperative pain in PCNL pa…

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease is a serious regimen-related toxicity in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the effect of anticoagulation in preventing veno-occlusive disease. Several databases and online journals were sear…

To study the effect of transfusion on recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, we analyzed the records of 143 patients with stage II through IV squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx or hypopharynx for whom follow-up to recurrence or 5 years after surgical therapy was available. Variables…

This meta-analysis was performed to determine the efficacy of digoxin, verapamil, and beta-adrenoceptor blockers as prophylaxis against supraventricular arrhythmias (SVAs) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Randomized control trials were included if the electrocardiographic monitoring technique was clea…