11,356,775 papers found

The aim of this study is to describe the attitudes and practices of doctors and families regarding the use of the individual child health journal, especially by exploring the contradictions between the validity and confidentiality of its content, in particular with respect to HIV infection. In order to accomplish this,…

The study aimed to identify the elements that constitute rural urgent care systems. Participation in the study was sought from health professionals, welfare and emergency services sectors, and community members. Primary data were collected from informants through interviews and focus groups in five rural communities of…

Managed care contains inherent structural features that can create obstacles to time-sensitive, confidential reproductive health services. Such structural impediments often exacerbate the sociocultural barriers that have historically affected low-income women--the population that has been targeted for mandatory enrollm…

Knowledge of utilisation rates in the General Dental Benefit Scheme and caries levels among 15-year-old adolescents is important to study the dental needs of the population for planning and purchasing the necessary services. These data were collected from contracting dentists in the General Dental Benefit (GDB) Scheme…

The fundamentals of pharmacoeconomics are presented. Pharmacoeconomic research is used to identify, measure, and compare the costs, risks, and benefits of programs, services, or therapies and determine which alternative produces the best health outcome for the resources invested. Each pharmacoeconomic method measures c…

A randomly selected group of 50 New Zealand wood workers was studied. The level of airborne wood dust to which they were exposed ranged from 1.0-24.5 mg/m3. The wood workers reported experiencing higher rates of both lower and upper respiratory tract symptoms than a control group of office workers. Inhaled wood dust, i…

Health surveys repeatedly show that females have higher rates of illness, disability days, and health services utilization than do males. Numerous reasons for these sex differences have been hypothesized, based on four general factors thought to differ by sex and to influence self-reported health: genetic characteristi…

Returning pharmacogenomics (PGx) results to patients is complex and challenging. Patients prefer provider education; however, a gap in provider comfort in PGx results has been documented.This study's purpose was to evaluate satisfaction with the return of PGx test results using a patient portal message.A survey wa…

BACKGROUND: The Physician Assistant (PA) workforce falls short of mirroring national demographics mainly due to a lack of diversity in student enrollment. Few studies have systematically examined diversity across PA programs at the national level, and little is known about best practi…

All cohorts are conditioned on survival to a study's baseline. The validity of estimates drawn from these cohorts of survivors may be compromised if those who die prior to enrollment have different covariate structures than survivors. In this research note, we used data from the "HAALSI Cohort" (Health and Aging in Afr…

PURPOSE: To develop methods for correcting variations in CT attenuation values of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) due to differences in CT imaging conditions using repeated pre-treatment CT scans. METHODS: A total 211 patients (146 men) with AGC who underwent pre-treatment CT twice were included in this retrospective st…

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk and benefit of bowel preparations in elective colo-rectal surgery. BACKGROUND: Mechanical bowel preparations (MBPs) have been popularized in colo-rectal surgery since studies in the 1970s, but recent data has called their use into question and examined complication rates between patients…

Evidence supporting the effect of individual protective measures (IPMs) on air pollution is relatively scarce. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of air purifiers, air-purifying respirators, and cookstove changes on cardiopulmonary health outcomes. We searched P…

INTRODUCTION: Acral vitiligo is a resistant subtype of vitiligo that does not respond easily to any treatment modality. Ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) (340-400 nm) therapy can penetrate the deep dermis of the skin and is relatively free of adverse effects associated with different phototherapeutic modalities. This study's…

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Qualitative diagnosis for gastric submucosal tumors (SMT) is not easy. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in combination with EUS-elastography (EUS-EG) is reported useful for qualitatively diagnosing pancreatic tissues. We prospectively studied whether EUS-EG could be usef…

PURPOSE: The incidence of large thyroid tumors has increased over the past decades, suggesting that improved diagnosis is not the only driver of increased thyroid cancer incidence. Obesity has recently been implicated as an independent risk factor for thyroid cancer in specific populations. We aimed to investigate whet…

BACKGROUND: Medical research is a fundamental tool to achieve the advancement of science, through the improvement of strategies aimed to protect, promote and restore an individual's and society's health. Three characteristics are required to obtain approval of the research proposal: scientific relevance, technical qual…

BACKGROUND: Surveillance of trends in disability is necessary to determine the burden of disability on the U.S. military, the most common types of disability conditions, and the prevalence of combat exposures in the disability population. Previous studies of disability in the U.S. military have focused on a particular…

The study's objective was to estimate the effect of adherence to dietary recommendations by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) concerning energy intake and/or macronutrient composition of diet on weight during pregnancy. This was a prospective study with observations at three time points, with a sample of 255 pregnant wom…

BACKGROUND: Delivery of bad news is a challenging task for physicians and other health care professionals. Several studies have assessed parental perceptions of the delivery of bad news, but none have focused on the role of physicians' interpersonal behaviors in the communication process. OBJECTIVE: The study's object…