392,269 papers found

Growing evidence suggests that complex gene and environment interactions underlie a number of diseases including chronic inflammatory diseases of the digestive system. The rapid advances in information and technology provide opportunities to discover the risks or etiology for a variety of disorders within individual pa…

The capacity of pain to alert against potential injury or focus attention on damaged tissue is enhanced by the intrinsically aversive nature of the experience. Finding methods to relieve pain will ultimately be facilitated by deeper understanding of the processes that contribute to the experience, and functional brain…

OBJECTIVE: To develop a clinically and methodologically sound approach to diagnostic meta-analysis. METHODS: Two-step model was used involving four fictitious sets of 10 studies each with varying sensitivity and specificity; this was followed by the application of the method to data from a published systematic review…

A number of epidemiological studies have addressed the risk of pleural mesothelioma from environmental (household and neighborhood) exposure to asbestos, but no overall risk estimate is available. We reviewed the epidemiological studies on risk of pleural mesothelioma and household or neighborhood exposure to asbestos.…

One of the factors that raises more scepticism and concern in physicians is the combination of data from different clinical trials. In order to combine the results of different trials three requisites must be followed through: similar treatment, the patients have the same disease, and the main outcome variables must be…

To date, few methods have been developed explicitly for meta-analysis of linkage analyses. Moreover, the methods that have been developed or suggested generally depend on certain ideal situations and have not been widely applied. In this article, we apply standard statistical theory and meta-analytic techniques in nove…

Cumulative meta-analysis of clinical trials (a Bayesian interpretation for accumulating evidence) will profoundly affect medical care by summarizing evidence in the assessment of technology innovations. Application of the technique to the randomized control trials (RCTs) of streptokinase treatment of acute myocardial i…

Meta-analysis is an important part of assessing cost-effectiveness in that it may help determine which treatments are indeed effective and estimate the level of effectiveness of each. Meta-analysis uses the data from all the relevant trials and is a powerful tool for detecting effects too small to be picked up by indiv…

This paper develops and implements a fully Bayesian approach to meta-analysis, in which uncertainty about effects in distinct but comparable studies is represented by an exchangeable prior distribution. Specifically, hierarchical normal models are used, along with a parametrization that allows a unified approach to dea…

A meta-analysis was performed of 15 randomized studies on the prophylaxis with cimetidine and/or ant-acids of upper GI bleeding acquired in the ICU. There were eight comparisons of a group receiving cimetidine with a control group, nine comparisons of a group receiving antacids with a control group, and ten comparisons…

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases, overweight, type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease increase the risk of cardiovascular events.Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues are recommended by the European Society of Cardiology and the American College of Cardiology to lower the risk of death and progression of cardiovascul…