37,714,186 papers found

This study estimated health status by low health literacy and limited English proficiency alone and in combination for Latino, Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, and White respondents in a population-based sample: 48,427 adults from the 2007 California Health Interview Survey, including 3,715 with limited English proficiency…

Understanding factors that influence reading achievement among bilingual children is considerably more complex than it is for monolingual children. Research on dual language development indicates that bilingual children's oral language abilities are often distributed across languages in varied ways, due to heterogeneit…

PURPOSE: Current United States national guidelines recommend patient education materials (PEMs) be written at a 5-6grade level. The objective of this study was to compare the readability of Spanish vision and eye health PEMs to nationally recommended reading levels and to English versions of the same PEMs. METHODS: PE…

With the internationalization of higher education, English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) has become one of the most significant global educational trends in the 21st century (Aizawa et al., 2023). Medium of instruction refers to the language used when teaching non-language academic/content subjects such as science (…

To what extent do bilinguals activate information associated with the language that they are not currently using? To address this, we conducted three large-scale picture-word interference experiments involving highly proficient Chinese-English bilinguals in English-only (Experiment 1, one-language context) and mixed En…

/n/ is merging with /l/ in Cantonese, as well as in several other Chinese languages. The Cantonese merger appears categorical, with /n/ becoming /l/ syllable-initially. This project aims to describe /n/ and /l/ in Cantonese and English speech from early Cantonese-English bilinguals to better understand the status of th…

This article gives a Tunisian perspective to the ongoing debate on the adoption of English-medium instruction (EMI) across the globe and notably in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It explores the attitudes of students toward EMI, especially in relation to French, the default medium of instruction at Tunisian u…

The current study investigated the potential components that affect second language (L2; English) literacy acquisition and cause-and-effect relationships of those factors to L2 reading comprehension via a structural equation model, with the recruitment of 129 4th-graders learning English as a foreign language. This stu…

PURPOSE: This research explored mechanisms of vowel variation in African American English by comparing 2 geographically distant groups of African American and White American English speakers for participation in the African American Shift and the Southern Vowel Shift. METHOD: Thirty-two male (African American: n = 16,…

Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were used to examine the spatiotemporal cortical activation patterns underlying Chinese and English word generation (forming a new word by adding a stroke or a letter to an old Chinese or English word) for low- and high-proficiency Chinese-English bilinguals. The results revealed t…

To examine phonological core deficits and variable orthographic competence, Dutch poor readers were investigated as they began instruction in reading in English (at about 14 years of age). A subgroup of poor readers with good orthographic competence in English (Poor/Good) and a subgroup with poor orthographic competenc…

Although Central Institute for the Deaf (CID) W-1 stimuli are routinely used for speech recognition threshold (SRT) testing, they are not always familiar to new learners of English and often lead to erroneous assessments. To improve test accuracy, alternative stimuli were constructed by pairing familiar English digits.…

There are at least two languages (American Sign Language [ASL], English) and three modalities (sign, speech, print) in most deaf individuals' lives. Mixing of ASL and English in utterances of deaf adults has been described in various ways (pidgins, diglossia, language contact, bilingualism), but children's mixing usual…

Understanding disease processes, treatments, and special needs for surgical patients with cancer with limited English proficiency (LEP) can promote safe and accurate care. To ensure healthcare equity for patients at a large c.

In response to globalism, many East-Asian countries now include a Medical English course in their undergraduate medical education syllabus. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the related attribute factors of students' motivation to learn medical English through an online modality.Of 134 e…

OBJECTIVE: The goals of this research are (1) to establish normative nasalance values for bilingual Mandarin-English speakers and compare values to those of previously reported monolingual Mandarin speakers, and (2) to examine whether sex, age, dialect, and language proficiency affect levels of nasalance among Mandarin…

PURPOSE: Proficiency in the language of the country of residence has implications for an individual's level of education, employability, income and social integration. This paper explores the relationship between the spoken English proficiency of residents of Australia on census day and their educational level, employm…

Roughly 1350 Old English plant names have come down to us; this is a relatively large number considering that the attested Old English vocabulary comprises ca. 24 000 words. The plant names are not only interesting for botanists, historians of medicine and many others, but also for philologists and linguists; among oth…

We examined developing bilinguals' use of animacy and word order cues during sentence interpretation tasks administered in each of their languages. Participants were 6- to 8-year-old children who learned Vietnamese as a first language and English as a second language (= 23). Participants listened to simple sentences an…

This study examined cognitive-style differences in reading strategies on a lexical-decision task. Subjects made word/nonword judgments for letter sequences consisting of either real words, English-sounding nonwords, or non-English-sounding nonwords. In line with previous findings, responses were significantly slower to…