392,269 papers found

Evidence synthesis, embedded within a systematic review of the literature, is a well-established approach for collating and combining all the relevant information on a particular research question. A robust synthesis can establish the evidence base, which underpins best practice guidance. Such endeavours are frequently…

BACKGROUND: Dancers are susceptible to injury. Nevertheless, injury epidemiology research in dancers is inconsistent. Furthermore, ballet dancing has dominated the huge body of reviews analyzing the epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a variety of artistic dance forms, making it challenging to acquire a thoroug…

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the methodological and reporting quality of published meta-analyses (MAs) in four major gastrointestinal endoscopic journals, and identify the predicted factors for high quality. METHODS: A systematic search was performed in PubMed to identify MAs from 1, January, 2016 to 31, December, 2020 in…

Numerous studies have demonstrated low but increasing rates of data and code sharing within medical and health research disciplines. However, it remains unclear how commonly data and code are shared across all fields of medical and health research, as well as whether sharing rates are positively associated with impleme…

The pulvinar is the largest thalamic nucleus in the brain and considered as a key structure in sensory processing and attention. Although its anatomy is well known, in particular thanks to studies in non-human primates, its role in perception and cognition remains poorly understood. Here, we used resting-state function…

BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is the most common type of primary osteoporosis. ESR1 polymorphism rs2234693 and rs9340799 has been widely studied as a candidate gene associated with PMO, however, the findings were inconclusive. The present study aims to explore the relationship of ESR1 polymorphism rs223…

To become user driven and more useful for decision-making, the current evidence synthesis ecosystem requires significant changes (Paper 1. Future of evidence ecosystem series). Reviewers have access to new sources of data (clinical trial registries, protocols, and clinical study reports from regulatory agencies or phar…

BACKGROUND: Decision makers rely on meta-analytic estimates to trade off benefits and harms. Publication bias impairs the validity and generalizability of such estimates. The performance of various statistical tests for publication bias has been largely compared using simulation studies and has not been systematically…

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the proportion of systematic reviews that meet the optimal information size (OIS) and assess the impact heterogeneity and effect size have on the OIS estimate by type of outcome (eg, mortality, semiobjective or subjective). METHODS: We carried out searches of Medline and Cochrane to retrieve met…

Gastrointestinal malignancy is a severe public health threat worldwide, and survival for most types of gastrointestinal cancer is very poor. Therefore, finding better cancer biomarkers to diagnose gastrointestinal malignancy and predict patient survival is essential. HDAC1 has been reported to be closely associated wit…

OBJECTIVE: To compare meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy using the Moses-Littenberg summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) approach with those of the hierarchical SROC (HSROC) model. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Twenty-six data sets from existing test accuracy systematic reviews were reanalyzed with the…

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder with complex pathogenesis implicating both environmental and genetic factors. We aimed to summarise the environmental risk factors that have been studied for potential association with Parkinson's disease, assess the presence of diverse biases, and identify the…

Meta-analysis of clinical trials is a methodology to summarize information from a collection of trials about an intervention, in order to make informed inferences about that intervention. Random effects allow the target population outcomes to vary among trials. Since meta-analysis is often an important element in helpi…

Systematic review and meta-analysis of literature were conducted examining the effectiveness of the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Investigative Interview Protocol in improving the quality of child forensic interviews. Online databases were searched for journal articles published between the…

Following a meta-analysis of test accuracy studies, the translation of summary results into clinical practice is potentially problematic. The sensitivity, specificity and positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values of a test may differ substantially from the average meta-analysis findings, because of heterogene…

OBJECTIVES: To show the effects of chance on meta-analyses, and the potential dangers of being prompted to do a meta-analysis by one favourable trial. DESIGN: In total, 100,000 trials were simulated and combined into 10,000 meta-analyses, using data from the control group of a cancer trial. Each participant record was…

The amygdala, a small deep brain structure involved in behavioral processing through interactions with other brain regions, has garnered increased attention in recent years in relation to pain processing. As pain is a multidimensional experience that encompasses physical sensation, affect, and cognition, the amygdala i…