42,360 papers found

INTRODUCTION: Over the past decades, there has been increasing recognition that assessing patients with cancer's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is pivotal to delivering optimal patient-centred healthcare. However, with the increasing number of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) available, it becomes more…

BACKGROUND: Gastrectomy remains the primary therapeutic method for resectable gastric cancer. Thought of as an important measure to reduce post-operative complications and mortality, abdominal drainage has been used widely after gastrectomy for gastric cancer in previous decades. The benefits of abdominal drainage have…

BACKGROUND: Day surgery involves admission of selected patients to hospital for a planned surgical procedure with the patients returning home on the same day. An anaesthetic regimen usually involves a combination of an anxiolytic, an induction agent, a maintenance agent, a method of maintaining the airway (laryngeal ma…

BACKGROUND: More than 34 million people are presently living with HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can help these people to live longer, healthier lives, but adherence to ART can be difficult. Mobile phone text-messaging has the potential to help promote adherence in these patients. OBJECTIVES: To determine…

BACKGROUND: Gemtuzumab ozogamicin was the first example of antibody-directed chemotherapy in cancer, and was developed for acute myeloid leukaemia. However, randomised trials in which it was combined with standard induction chemotherapy in adults have produced conflicting results. We did a meta-analysis of individual p…

IMPORTANCE: Stimulants (methylphenidate and amphetamines) are often prescribed at unlicensed doses for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Whether dose escalation beyond US Food and Drug Administration recommendations is associated with positive risk benefits is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investig…

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains an important public health problem. Research in 1900 suggested house modifications may reduce malaria transmission. A previous version of this review concluded that house screening may be effective in reducing malaria. This update includes data from five new studies. OBJECTIVES: To assess t…

BACKGROUND: There is uncertainty as to whether and what extent occupational safety and health regulation and legislation enforcement activities, such as inspections, are effective and efficient to improve workers' health and safety. We use the term regulation to refer both to regulation and legislation. OBJECTIVES: To…

PURPOSE: Cannabis refers to medications derived from the Cannabis plant. Cannabis has long been used to treat a wide range of conditions. The widespread legalization of cannabis has increased its use. This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of preoperative cannabis usage on TKA and THA outcomes and complications. MET…

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Achieving mucosal healing has become a central therapeutic objective in treat-to-target strategies for Crohn's disease (CD). Capsule endoscopy, including small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) and pan-enteric capsule endoscopy (PCE), enables comprehensive mucosal evaluation and supports treatment opt…

PURPOSE: Team-Based Learning (TBL) has increasingly been recognized as an effective active learning strategy in medical education. However, integrating TBL as a core component of medical curricula, rather than as an adjunct to other educational strategies, remains inadequately explored. This scoping review seeks to map…

Radiation therapy is a cornerstone of treatment for solid tumors, yet it often induces lymphopenia, a condition linked to poorer clinical outcomes. This scoping review synthesizes evidence from systematic reviews to evaluate the prognostic impact of severe radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) on overall survival (OS) in…

BACKGROUND: There is currently a lack of nationally representative assessments of myopia based on gold-standard cycloplegic refraction among Chinese children and adolescents. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the prevalence of myopia, diagnosed by cycloplegic refraction (spherical equivalent…

INTRODUCTION: The science of learning health systems (LHSs) has expanded to include equity aims. However, efforts toward this end are nascent. The purpose of this study was to critically examine how equity has been discussed in LHS literature. METHODS: We conducted a critical scoping review informed by the bounded jus…

BACKGROUND: Binge eating, a transdiagnostic behavior present in both binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN), has increasingly been conceptualized as a manifestation of reward system dysregulation. Although BN is marked by compensatory behaviors and heightened emotional reactivity, BED is frequently associ…

Recovery in osteoarthritis (OA) is a multidimensional construct that extends beyond symptom reduction to encompass how individuals make sense of, adapt to, and live with their condition. Patient expectations appear to play a central role in shaping this process, influencing how individuals define recovery, cope with fu…

PURPOSE: As the population ages, the number of elderly patients with chronic diseases increases. It is crucial to focus on the medication experience of elderly patients and their family caregivers during transitions of care (TOC) to improve prognosis and ensure medication safety. However, existing evidence mainly focus…

Direct electrical stimulation (DES) is a spatially controlled, clinically informed form of lesion-deficit analysis. This study aims to generate the first meta-analytic, probabilistic cognitive maps based on DES and subdural stimulation data. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies that…

In contemporary nursing education, clinical competence and psychological resilience are both essential; however, they are often treated as separate outcomes. Clinical placements are a central component of nursing education, and often expose students to high levels of stress, emotional challenges, and complex clinical d…